Abstract
Within the framework of the
Programme for International Student Assessment also known as PISA, the success
of students within 15 years age group of the countries participating in the
programme has been assessed since the year 2000. Since the year 2003,
assessments have been carried out also in Turkey on a three-year basis. Having
remained behind amongst the countries that participated in the assessment, the
education system of Turkey is under question in various perspectives. The
objective of this study is investigating the correlation between the success of
educational services and education expenditures. To that end, the education
expenditures in Turkey were assessed by years and a comparison was carried out
between select country examples. PISA results between the years 2003 and 2015
were taken as indicators of effectiveness of educational services. It is
observed that between the years 2003-2012 the average scores achieved in PISA
increased together with the increase of the share of education expenditures in
Turkey. However, despite the continued increase in education spending in Turkey
it has been the decline in PISA 2015 results. Moreover, in the evaluation made
for OECD countries, it was concluded that the level of education expenditures
alone did not determine the effectiveness of education services.
Keywords
References
- Agasisti, T. (2014), “The Efficiency of Public Spending on Education: An Empirical Comparison of EU Countries”, European Journal of Education, 49(4): 543-557.
- Aristovnik, A. and A. Obadic (2014), “Measuring Relative Effıciency Of Secondary Educatıon in Selected EU and OECD Countries: The Case of Slovenia And Croatia”, Technological And Economic Development Of Economy, 20(3): 419-433.
- Boca, D. D., C. Monfardini and S. G. See (2018), “Government Education Expenditures, Pre-Primary Education and School Performance: A Cross-Country Analysis”, Institute of Labour Economics, Discussion Paper Series, IZA DP No. 11375, February.
- Ciro, J. A. and A. T. Garcia (2018), “Economic Efficiency Of Public Secondary Education Expenditure: How Different Are Developed And Developing Countries?”, Primer semestre, 80: 119-154.
- Clements, B. (2002), “How Efficient Is Education Spending in Europe?”, European Review of Economics and Finance, 1: 3-26.
- Flores, I. (2017), “Modelling Efficiency Education”, Sociologia, 83: 157-170.
- Gavurova, B., K. Kocisova, L. Belas and V. Krajcik (2017), “Relative Efficiency Of Government Expenditure On Secondary Education”, Journal of International Studies, 10(2): 329-343.
- Gupta, N. D. and M. Simonsen (2016), “Academic Performance And Type Of Early Childhood Care”, Economics of Education Review, 53: 217-229.
- Ionescu, D.D., A.M. Ionescu and E. Jaba (2013), “The Investments in Education and Quality of Life”, Scientific Papers, Special Issue (December): 141-158.
- Lima, G. (2013), “Public Expenditure On Education, Education Attainment And Employment: A Comparison Among European Countries”, XXVIII Conference of the Italian Association of Labour Economists (AIEL), Rome, September.
- MEB (2019), PISA 2015 Ulusal Raporuhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/PISA2015_ UlusalRapor.pdf
- MEB (2017), 2018 Yılı Bütçe Sunuşu https://sgb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2017_12/27095218_2018_MEB_BYTYE_SUNUYU_GENEL_KURUL_18.12.2017.pdf
- MEB (2016a), Millî Eğitim İstatistikleri: Örgün Eğitim 2015/'16, Ankara: MEB Resmi İstatistik Programı Yayını.
- MEB (2016b), Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı 2016 Yılı Bütçe Sunuşuhttp://sgb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2016_03/25025608_2016yiligenelkurulsunu_25.03.2016.pdf
- MEB (2016c), PISA 2015 Ulusal Nihaî Raporuhttp://odsgm.meb.gov.tr/test/analizler/docs/PISA/PISA2015_Ulusal_Rapor.pdf.
- MEB (2015), PISA 2012 Araştırması Ulusal Nihai Rapor
- MEB (2013), PISA 2012 Ulusal Ön Raporuhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/pisa2012-ulusal-on-raporu.pdf
- MEB (2010a), PISA 2006 Projesi Ulusal Nihaî Raporhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/PISA2006-Ulusal-Nihai-Rapor.pdf
- MEB (2010b), PISA 2009 Ulusal Ön Raporuhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/PISA-2009-Ulusal-On-Rapor.pdf
- MEB (2005), PISA 2003 Projesi Ulusal Nihaî Rapor, Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi.
- OECD (2018a), Education at a Glance 2018: OECD Indicators, Paris: OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/eag-2018-en.
- OECD (2018b), PISA 2015 Results in Focushttps://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisa-2015-results-in-focus.pdf
- OECD (2016), OECD Statisticshttps://stats.oecd.org
- Yardımcıoğlu, F. ve T. Gürdal (2012). “Türkiye’de Eğitimin Niteliğinin OECD Ve AB Ülkeleri İle Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi”, Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 49(570): 35-50.
- Yorulmaz, Y. İ., İ. Çolak ve C. E. Ekinci (2017), “An Evaluation of PISA 2015 Achievements of OECD Countries Within Income Distribution and Education Expenditures”, Turkish Journal of Education, 6(4): 169-185.
Abstract
PISA olarak anılan
Uluslararası Öğrenci Değerlendirme Programı çerçevesinde 2000 yılından bu yana
programa katılan ülkelerde 15 yaş grubu öğrencilerin başarıları ölçülmektedir.
2003 yılından itibaren Türkiye’de de her üç yılda bir değerlendirme
yapılmaktadır. Değerlendirilen ülkeler arasında ortalamanın altında kalan Türk
eğitim sistemi çeşitli açılardan sorgulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı eğitim hizmetlerindeki
etkinliğin eğitim harcamalarıyla olan ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla
Türkiye’deki eğitim harcamaları yıllar itibarıyla ele alınırken ayrıca seçilmiş
ülke örnekleriyle bir karşılaştırmaya yer verilmiştir. Eğitim hizmetlerindeki etkinliğin
ölçütü olarak 2003-2015 yılları arasındaki PISA başarı sonuçları
kullanılmıştır. 2003-2012 yılları arasında Türkiye’de eğitim harcamalarının
bütçe içindeki payının artışıyla birlikte PISA’da alınan ortalama puanların da
arttığı görülmektedir. Bununla beraber Türkiye’de eğitim harcamalarındaki
artışın devam etmesine rağmen 2015 yılı PISA sonuçlarında düşüş olmuştur. Ayrıca
OECD ülkeleri açısından yapılan değerlendirmede tek başına eğitim harcamalarının
yüksekliğinin eğitim hizmetlerinin etkinliğini belirlemediği sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır.
Keywords
References
- Agasisti, T. (2014), “The Efficiency of Public Spending on Education: An Empirical Comparison of EU Countries”, European Journal of Education, 49(4): 543-557.
- Aristovnik, A. and A. Obadic (2014), “Measuring Relative Effıciency Of Secondary Educatıon in Selected EU and OECD Countries: The Case of Slovenia And Croatia”, Technological And Economic Development Of Economy, 20(3): 419-433.
- Boca, D. D., C. Monfardini and S. G. See (2018), “Government Education Expenditures, Pre-Primary Education and School Performance: A Cross-Country Analysis”, Institute of Labour Economics, Discussion Paper Series, IZA DP No. 11375, February.
- Ciro, J. A. and A. T. Garcia (2018), “Economic Efficiency Of Public Secondary Education Expenditure: How Different Are Developed And Developing Countries?”, Primer semestre, 80: 119-154.
- Clements, B. (2002), “How Efficient Is Education Spending in Europe?”, European Review of Economics and Finance, 1: 3-26.
- Flores, I. (2017), “Modelling Efficiency Education”, Sociologia, 83: 157-170.
- Gavurova, B., K. Kocisova, L. Belas and V. Krajcik (2017), “Relative Efficiency Of Government Expenditure On Secondary Education”, Journal of International Studies, 10(2): 329-343.
- Gupta, N. D. and M. Simonsen (2016), “Academic Performance And Type Of Early Childhood Care”, Economics of Education Review, 53: 217-229.
- Ionescu, D.D., A.M. Ionescu and E. Jaba (2013), “The Investments in Education and Quality of Life”, Scientific Papers, Special Issue (December): 141-158.
- Lima, G. (2013), “Public Expenditure On Education, Education Attainment And Employment: A Comparison Among European Countries”, XXVIII Conference of the Italian Association of Labour Economists (AIEL), Rome, September.
- MEB (2019), PISA 2015 Ulusal Raporuhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/PISA2015_ UlusalRapor.pdf
- MEB (2017), 2018 Yılı Bütçe Sunuşu https://sgb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2017_12/27095218_2018_MEB_BYTYE_SUNUYU_GENEL_KURUL_18.12.2017.pdf
- MEB (2016a), Millî Eğitim İstatistikleri: Örgün Eğitim 2015/'16, Ankara: MEB Resmi İstatistik Programı Yayını.
- MEB (2016b), Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı 2016 Yılı Bütçe Sunuşuhttp://sgb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2016_03/25025608_2016yiligenelkurulsunu_25.03.2016.pdf
- MEB (2016c), PISA 2015 Ulusal Nihaî Raporuhttp://odsgm.meb.gov.tr/test/analizler/docs/PISA/PISA2015_Ulusal_Rapor.pdf.
- MEB (2015), PISA 2012 Araştırması Ulusal Nihai Rapor
- MEB (2013), PISA 2012 Ulusal Ön Raporuhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/pisa2012-ulusal-on-raporu.pdf
- MEB (2010a), PISA 2006 Projesi Ulusal Nihaî Raporhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/PISA2006-Ulusal-Nihai-Rapor.pdf
- MEB (2010b), PISA 2009 Ulusal Ön Raporuhttp://pisa.meb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/PISA-2009-Ulusal-On-Rapor.pdf
- MEB (2005), PISA 2003 Projesi Ulusal Nihaî Rapor, Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi.
- OECD (2018a), Education at a Glance 2018: OECD Indicators, Paris: OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/eag-2018-en.
- OECD (2018b), PISA 2015 Results in Focushttps://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisa-2015-results-in-focus.pdf
- OECD (2016), OECD Statisticshttps://stats.oecd.org
- Yardımcıoğlu, F. ve T. Gürdal (2012). “Türkiye’de Eğitimin Niteliğinin OECD Ve AB Ülkeleri İle Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi”, Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 49(570): 35-50.
- Yorulmaz, Y. İ., İ. Çolak ve C. E. Ekinci (2017), “An Evaluation of PISA 2015 Achievements of OECD Countries Within Income Distribution and Education Expenditures”, Turkish Journal of Education, 6(4): 169-185.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 16, 2019 |
| Submission Date | November 16, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 21 Issue: 2 |
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