İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK

Gazanfer Anlı

doi:10.21733/ibad.414862

Research Article

İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 389 - 397, 30.12.2018

Gazanfer Anlı

https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.414862

Cited By: 9

Abstract

İnternet
temelde bilgi paylaşımı ve iletişim amacıyla ortaya çıkmış olsa da özellikle
ergen ve genç yetişkinlerin internetin problemli ve aşırı kullanımı ile risk
altında oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Problemli internet kullanımı yüksek
düzeyde duygusal yalnızlık ve zayıf romantik ve arkadaşlık ilişkileri ile
bağlantılıdır. Ayrıca bazı araştırmalar internetin bireyleri sosyal
etkinliklerden alıkoyarak onların utangaçlık ve yalnızlık düzeylerini
arttırabildiği, aile ilişkilerini azalttığı ve bireylerin yerel sosyal çevrelerinin
boyutunu azaltabildiğini göstermiştir.

Bu
araştırma internet bağımlılığı ile sosyal ve duygusal yalnızlık arasındaki
ilişkiyi incelemek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma 2015-2016 öğretim
yılında İstanbul’da bulunan Ümraniye Atakent Anadolu Lisesi’nde öğrenim gören
311 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. 163’i kız ve 148’i erkek öğrenciden oluşan
örneklemin yaş ortalaması 15,36 bulunmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı
olarak İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği ile Sosyal ve Duygusal Yalnızlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Yapılan korelasyon analizi sonucunda
internet bağımlılığının; sosyal ilişkilerde yalnızlık, duygusal ilişkilerde
yalnızlık, aile ilişkilerinde yalnızlık ile pozitif anlamda ilişkili olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çoklu regresyon analizinde sosyal ilişkilerde
yalnızlık ve duygusal ilişkilerde yalnızlığın modele özgün katkısı anlamlı
bulunmuş iken aile ilişkilerinde yalnızlığın modele özgün katkısı anlamlı
değildir. Sosyal ve duygusal yalnızlığın alt boyutları olan sosyal ilişkilerde
yalnızlık, duygusal ilişkilerde yalnızlık ve aile ilişkilerinde yalnızlık
toplam varyansın yaklaşık %11’ini açıklamaktadır. Buna göre sosyal ilişkilerde
yalnızlık ve duygusal ilişkilerde yalnızlık internet bağımlılığının
yordayıcılarından olup en güçlü yordayıcının duygusal ilişkilerde yalnızlık
olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

İnternet bağımlılığı, sosyal ve duygusal yalnızlık, çoklu regresyon analizi

References

Anderson, K. J. (2001). Internet use among college students: An exploratory study. Journal of American College Health, 50, 21-26.
Anderson, E. L., Steen, E., & Stavropoulos, V. (2016). Internet use and problematic Internet use: A systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 1, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2016.1227716
Ayas, T., & Horzum, M. B. (2013). Relation between depression, loneliness, self-esteem and Internet addiction. Journal of Education, 133(3), 284–290.
Bayraktar, F. (2001). Internet Kullanımının Ergen Gelişimindeki Rolü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
Blais, J. J., Craig, W. M., Pepler, D., & Connolly, J. (2008). Adolescents online: The Importance of internet activity choices to salient relationships. J Youth Adolescence, 37, 522-536.
Bozoglan, B., Demirer, V., & Sahin, I. (2013). Loneliness, selfesteem, and life satisfaction as predictors of Internet addiction: A cross-sectional study among Turkish university students. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 54(4), 313-319.
Bryman, A. (2004). Social research methods (2nd edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bugay, A. (2007). Loneliness and life satisfaction of turkish university students. [http://www.ece.salford.ac.uk/proceedings/theme2.php?id=2].
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (11. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Cao, F. & Su, L. (2006). Internet addiction among chinese adolescents: Prevalence and psychological features. Child: Care, Health and Development, 33(3), 275–281. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00715.x
Chen, S.-K. (2012). Internet use and psychological well-being among college students: A latent profile approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2219- 2226.
Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P., Sahdra, B., Marshall, S., Jackson, C., Gloster, A. T., et al. (2015). The development of compulsive Internet use and mental health: A four-year study of adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 52, 272–283. Doi: 10.1037/dev0000070
Clinton, M., & Anderson, L. R. (1999). Social and emotional loneliness: Gender differences and relationships with self-monitoring and perceived control. Journal of Black Psychology, 25, 61-77.
Demirer, V., Bozoglan, B., & Şahin, İ. (2013). Pre-service teachers’ Internet addiction in terms of gender, Internet access, loneliness, and life satisfaction. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 1(1), 56–63
Dong, G., Lu, Q., Zhou, H., & Zhao, X. (2011). Precursor or sequela: Pathological disorders in people with Internet addiction disorder. PLoS One, 6(2), e14703. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014703
Esen, B. K., Aktas, E., & Tuncer, I. (2013). An analysis of university students’ internet use in relation to loneliness and social self-efficacy. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 1504-1508.
Gentile, D. A., Choo, H., Liau, A., Sim, T., Li, D., Fung, D., & Khoo, A. (2011). Pathological video game use among youths: A two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics, 127(2), e319–e329. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1353
Goodwin, R., Cook, O., & Yung, Y. (2001). Loneliness and life satisfaction among three cultural groups. Personal Relationships, 8, 225-230.
Griffiths, M., & Wood, R. T. A. (2000). Risk factors in adolescence: The case of gambling, videogame playing, and the internet. Journal of Gambling Studies, 16, 199-225. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009433014881
Ha, J. H., Kim, S. Y., Bae, S. C., Bae, S., Kim, H., M. S., Sim, K., Lyoo & S. C. Cho. (2007). Depression and Internet Addiction in Adolescents. Psychopathology, 40(6), 424-430.
Halley, M. P., Mark, D. G., & Ivone, M. P. (2014). Internet addiction and loneliness among children and adolescents in the education setting: An empirical pilot study. Aloma, 32(1), 91–98.
Kandell, J. J. (1998). Internet addiction on campus: The vulnerability of college students. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 1(1), 11-17.
Kim, O. (1997). Loneliness: A predictor of health peceptions among older Korean immigrants. Psychological Reports, 81, 591-594.
Kim, J., LaRose, R., & Peng, W. (2009). Loneliness as the cause and the effect of problematic Internet use: The relationship between Internet use and psychological well-being. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(4), 451-455.
Kim, Y. R., Son, J. W., Lee, S. I., Shin, C. J., Kim, S. K., Ju, G., Choi, W. H., Oh, J. H., Lee, S., Jo, S., & Ha, T. H. (2012). Abnormal brain activation of adolescent Internet addict in a ball-throwing animation task: Possible neural correlates of disembodiment revealed by fMRI. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 39(1), 88–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.05.013
Kraut, R., Patterson, M., Lundmark, V., Kiesler, S., Mukophadhyay, T., & Scherlis, W. (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being? American Psychologist, 53(9), 1017.
Lee, M. S., Oh, E. Y., Cho, S. M., Hong, M. J., & Moon, J. S. (2001). An assessment of adolescent Internet addiction problems related to depression, social anxiety and peer relationship. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 40(4), 616–628.
Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2009). Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents. Media Psychology, 12(1), 77-95.
Liu, X. & Larose, R. (2008). Does Using the Internet Make People More Satisfied with their Lives? The Effects of the Internet on College Students' School Life Satisfaction. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 11(3), 310-320.
Mellor, K. G., & Edelmann, R. J. (1988). Mobility, social support, loneliness, and well-being amongst two groups of older adults. Pers. Individ. Diff. 9 (1), 1–5.
Moody, E. J. (2001). Internet use and its relationship to loneliness. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4(3), 393-401.
Morahan-Martin, J. (2005). Internet abuse - Addiction? Disorder? Symptom? Alternative explanations? Social Science Computer Review, 23(1), 39-48
Odacı, H. & Çıkrıkçı, Ö. (2014). Problematic Internet use in terms of gender, attachment styles and subjective well-being in university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 32, 61–66. Doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.11.019.
Odacı, H., & Kalkan, M. (2010). Problematic Internet use, loneliness and dating anxiety among young adult university students. Computers & Education, 55(3), 1091-1097.
Page, R. M. & Cole, G. E. (1991).Demographic predictors of self reported loneliness in adults. Psychological Reports, 68, 939-945.
Peplau, L. A. & Perlman, D. (1982), “Perspectives On Loneliness” Peplau L. A.;Perlman D. (Ed.) Loneliness:A Sourcebook of Current Theory, Research And Therapy, New York:Wiley-Inter Science.
Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. In R. Gilmour & S. Duck (Eds.), Personal relationships: Personal relations in disorder (pp. 31-56). London: Academic Press.
Qualter, P., & Munn, P. (2002). The separateness of social and emotional loneliness in childhood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43, 233.
Rokach, A. (2004). Loneliness then and now: Reflections on social and emotional alienation in everyday. Current Psychology, 23, 24-40.
Rotenberg, K. J., MacDonald, K. J., & King, E. V. (2004). The relationship between loneliness and interpersonal trust during middle childhood. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 165, 233-249.
Salmela-Aro, K., Upadyaya, K., Hakkarainen, K., Lonka, K. & Alho, K. (2017). The dark side of Internet use: Two longitudinal studies of excessive Internet use, depressive symptoms, school burnout and engagement among Finnish early and late adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46, 343–357. Doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0494-2
Sanders, C. E., Field, T. M., Diego, M., & Kaplan, M. (2000). The Relationship of internet use to depression and social isolation among adolescents. Adolescence, 35(138), 237-241.
Seepersad, S. (2004). Coping with loneliness: Adolescent online and offline behavior. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7(1), 35-39.
Selfhout, M. H. W., Branje, S. J. T., Delsing, M., ter Bogt, T. F. M., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2009). Different types of Internet use, depression, and social anxiety: The role of perceived friendship quality. Journal of Adolescence, 32(4), 819–833. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.10.011
Spada, M. M. (2014). An overview of problematic Internet use. Addictive Behaviors, 39, 3–6. Doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.09.007
Stavropoulos, V., Alexandraki, K., & Motti-Stefanidi, F. (2013). Flow and telepresence contributing to Internet abuse: Differences according to gender and age. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(5), 1941–1948. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.03.011
Swami, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Sinniah, D., Maniam, T., Kannan, K., Stanistreet, D., & Furnham, A. (2007). General health mediates the relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and depression. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 42(2), 161-166.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Tümkaya, S., Aybek, B., & Çelik, M., (2008). An investigation of students’ life satisfaction and loneliness level in a sample of Turkish students. International Journal of Human Sciences [Online]. 5 (1), 1-15.
Van Tilburg, T., Havens, B., & Gierveld, J. D. (2004). Loneliness among older adults in the Netherlands, Italy, and Canada: A multifaceted comparison. Canadian Journal on Aging-Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 23, 169-180.
Weiss, R. S. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Weiss, R. S. (1989). Reflections on the present state of loneliness research. In M. Hojat & R. Crandall (Eds.), Loneliness: Theory, research and applications (pp. 51-56). Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications.
Widyanto, L., & Griffiths, M. (2006). 'Internet Addiction': A critical review. International Journal of Mental Health Addict, 4, 31-25
Wisemana, H., Guttfreundb, D.G., & Luriec, I. (1995). Gender differences in loneliness and depression of university students seeking counselling. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 23(2), 231-243.
Yao, M. Z., & Zhong, Z.-J. (2014). Loneliness, social contacts and Internet addiction: A cross-lagged panel study. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 164-170.
Young, K. S. (1996). Internet Addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Paper presented at the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Young, K. S. (1999). Internet addiction: Symptoms, evaluation, and treatment. In T. Jackson (Ed.), Innovations in clinical practice: A source book (Vol. 17, pp. 19¬31). Sarasota, FL.: Professional Resource Press.
Young, K. S. (2006). Surfing Not Studying: Dealing with Internet Addiction on Campus. Retrieved February 25, 2009 from: http://www.netaddiction.com/articles/surfing_not_studying.htm
Yuan, K., Qin, W., Wang, G., Zeng, F., Zhao, L., Yang, X., Liu, P., Liu, J., Sun, J., von Deneen, K. M., Gong, Q., Liu, Y., & Tian, J. (2011). Microstructure abnormalities in adolescents with Internet addiction disorder. PLoS One, 6(6), e20708. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020708

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 389 - 397, 30.12.2018

Gazanfer Anlı

https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.414862

Cited By: 9

Abstract

References

Anderson, K. J. (2001). Internet use among college students: An exploratory study. Journal of American College Health, 50, 21-26.
Anderson, E. L., Steen, E., & Stavropoulos, V. (2016). Internet use and problematic Internet use: A systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 1, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2016.1227716
Ayas, T., & Horzum, M. B. (2013). Relation between depression, loneliness, self-esteem and Internet addiction. Journal of Education, 133(3), 284–290.
Bayraktar, F. (2001). Internet Kullanımının Ergen Gelişimindeki Rolü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
Blais, J. J., Craig, W. M., Pepler, D., & Connolly, J. (2008). Adolescents online: The Importance of internet activity choices to salient relationships. J Youth Adolescence, 37, 522-536.
Bozoglan, B., Demirer, V., & Sahin, I. (2013). Loneliness, selfesteem, and life satisfaction as predictors of Internet addiction: A cross-sectional study among Turkish university students. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 54(4), 313-319.
Bryman, A. (2004). Social research methods (2nd edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bugay, A. (2007). Loneliness and life satisfaction of turkish university students. [http://www.ece.salford.ac.uk/proceedings/theme2.php?id=2].
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (11. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Cao, F. & Su, L. (2006). Internet addiction among chinese adolescents: Prevalence and psychological features. Child: Care, Health and Development, 33(3), 275–281. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00715.x
Chen, S.-K. (2012). Internet use and psychological well-being among college students: A latent profile approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2219- 2226.
Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P., Sahdra, B., Marshall, S., Jackson, C., Gloster, A. T., et al. (2015). The development of compulsive Internet use and mental health: A four-year study of adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 52, 272–283. Doi: 10.1037/dev0000070
Clinton, M., & Anderson, L. R. (1999). Social and emotional loneliness: Gender differences and relationships with self-monitoring and perceived control. Journal of Black Psychology, 25, 61-77.
Demirer, V., Bozoglan, B., & Şahin, İ. (2013). Pre-service teachers’ Internet addiction in terms of gender, Internet access, loneliness, and life satisfaction. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 1(1), 56–63
Dong, G., Lu, Q., Zhou, H., & Zhao, X. (2011). Precursor or sequela: Pathological disorders in people with Internet addiction disorder. PLoS One, 6(2), e14703. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014703
Esen, B. K., Aktas, E., & Tuncer, I. (2013). An analysis of university students’ internet use in relation to loneliness and social self-efficacy. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 1504-1508.
Gentile, D. A., Choo, H., Liau, A., Sim, T., Li, D., Fung, D., & Khoo, A. (2011). Pathological video game use among youths: A two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics, 127(2), e319–e329. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1353
Goodwin, R., Cook, O., & Yung, Y. (2001). Loneliness and life satisfaction among three cultural groups. Personal Relationships, 8, 225-230.
Griffiths, M., & Wood, R. T. A. (2000). Risk factors in adolescence: The case of gambling, videogame playing, and the internet. Journal of Gambling Studies, 16, 199-225. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009433014881
Ha, J. H., Kim, S. Y., Bae, S. C., Bae, S., Kim, H., M. S., Sim, K., Lyoo & S. C. Cho. (2007). Depression and Internet Addiction in Adolescents. Psychopathology, 40(6), 424-430.
Halley, M. P., Mark, D. G., & Ivone, M. P. (2014). Internet addiction and loneliness among children and adolescents in the education setting: An empirical pilot study. Aloma, 32(1), 91–98.
Kandell, J. J. (1998). Internet addiction on campus: The vulnerability of college students. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 1(1), 11-17.
Kim, O. (1997). Loneliness: A predictor of health peceptions among older Korean immigrants. Psychological Reports, 81, 591-594.
Kim, J., LaRose, R., & Peng, W. (2009). Loneliness as the cause and the effect of problematic Internet use: The relationship between Internet use and psychological well-being. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(4), 451-455.
Kim, Y. R., Son, J. W., Lee, S. I., Shin, C. J., Kim, S. K., Ju, G., Choi, W. H., Oh, J. H., Lee, S., Jo, S., & Ha, T. H. (2012). Abnormal brain activation of adolescent Internet addict in a ball-throwing animation task: Possible neural correlates of disembodiment revealed by fMRI. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 39(1), 88–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.05.013
Kraut, R., Patterson, M., Lundmark, V., Kiesler, S., Mukophadhyay, T., & Scherlis, W. (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being? American Psychologist, 53(9), 1017.
Lee, M. S., Oh, E. Y., Cho, S. M., Hong, M. J., & Moon, J. S. (2001). An assessment of adolescent Internet addiction problems related to depression, social anxiety and peer relationship. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 40(4), 616–628.
Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2009). Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents. Media Psychology, 12(1), 77-95.
Liu, X. & Larose, R. (2008). Does Using the Internet Make People More Satisfied with their Lives? The Effects of the Internet on College Students' School Life Satisfaction. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 11(3), 310-320.
Mellor, K. G., & Edelmann, R. J. (1988). Mobility, social support, loneliness, and well-being amongst two groups of older adults. Pers. Individ. Diff. 9 (1), 1–5.
Moody, E. J. (2001). Internet use and its relationship to loneliness. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4(3), 393-401.
Morahan-Martin, J. (2005). Internet abuse - Addiction? Disorder? Symptom? Alternative explanations? Social Science Computer Review, 23(1), 39-48
Odacı, H. & Çıkrıkçı, Ö. (2014). Problematic Internet use in terms of gender, attachment styles and subjective well-being in university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 32, 61–66. Doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.11.019.
Odacı, H., & Kalkan, M. (2010). Problematic Internet use, loneliness and dating anxiety among young adult university students. Computers & Education, 55(3), 1091-1097.
Page, R. M. & Cole, G. E. (1991).Demographic predictors of self reported loneliness in adults. Psychological Reports, 68, 939-945.
Peplau, L. A. & Perlman, D. (1982), “Perspectives On Loneliness” Peplau L. A.;Perlman D. (Ed.) Loneliness:A Sourcebook of Current Theory, Research And Therapy, New York:Wiley-Inter Science.
Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. In R. Gilmour & S. Duck (Eds.), Personal relationships: Personal relations in disorder (pp. 31-56). London: Academic Press.
Qualter, P., & Munn, P. (2002). The separateness of social and emotional loneliness in childhood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43, 233.
Rokach, A. (2004). Loneliness then and now: Reflections on social and emotional alienation in everyday. Current Psychology, 23, 24-40.
Rotenberg, K. J., MacDonald, K. J., & King, E. V. (2004). The relationship between loneliness and interpersonal trust during middle childhood. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 165, 233-249.
Salmela-Aro, K., Upadyaya, K., Hakkarainen, K., Lonka, K. & Alho, K. (2017). The dark side of Internet use: Two longitudinal studies of excessive Internet use, depressive symptoms, school burnout and engagement among Finnish early and late adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46, 343–357. Doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0494-2
Sanders, C. E., Field, T. M., Diego, M., & Kaplan, M. (2000). The Relationship of internet use to depression and social isolation among adolescents. Adolescence, 35(138), 237-241.
Seepersad, S. (2004). Coping with loneliness: Adolescent online and offline behavior. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7(1), 35-39.
Selfhout, M. H. W., Branje, S. J. T., Delsing, M., ter Bogt, T. F. M., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2009). Different types of Internet use, depression, and social anxiety: The role of perceived friendship quality. Journal of Adolescence, 32(4), 819–833. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.10.011
Spada, M. M. (2014). An overview of problematic Internet use. Addictive Behaviors, 39, 3–6. Doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.09.007
Stavropoulos, V., Alexandraki, K., & Motti-Stefanidi, F. (2013). Flow and telepresence contributing to Internet abuse: Differences according to gender and age. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(5), 1941–1948. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.03.011
Swami, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Sinniah, D., Maniam, T., Kannan, K., Stanistreet, D., & Furnham, A. (2007). General health mediates the relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and depression. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 42(2), 161-166.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Tümkaya, S., Aybek, B., & Çelik, M., (2008). An investigation of students’ life satisfaction and loneliness level in a sample of Turkish students. International Journal of Human Sciences [Online]. 5 (1), 1-15.
Van Tilburg, T., Havens, B., & Gierveld, J. D. (2004). Loneliness among older adults in the Netherlands, Italy, and Canada: A multifaceted comparison. Canadian Journal on Aging-Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 23, 169-180.
Weiss, R. S. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Weiss, R. S. (1989). Reflections on the present state of loneliness research. In M. Hojat & R. Crandall (Eds.), Loneliness: Theory, research and applications (pp. 51-56). Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications.
Widyanto, L., & Griffiths, M. (2006). 'Internet Addiction': A critical review. International Journal of Mental Health Addict, 4, 31-25
Wisemana, H., Guttfreundb, D.G., & Luriec, I. (1995). Gender differences in loneliness and depression of university students seeking counselling. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 23(2), 231-243.
Yao, M. Z., & Zhong, Z.-J. (2014). Loneliness, social contacts and Internet addiction: A cross-lagged panel study. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 164-170.
Young, K. S. (1996). Internet Addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Paper presented at the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Young, K. S. (1999). Internet addiction: Symptoms, evaluation, and treatment. In T. Jackson (Ed.), Innovations in clinical practice: A source book (Vol. 17, pp. 19¬31). Sarasota, FL.: Professional Resource Press.
Young, K. S. (2006). Surfing Not Studying: Dealing with Internet Addiction on Campus. Retrieved February 25, 2009 from: http://www.netaddiction.com/articles/surfing_not_studying.htm
Yuan, K., Qin, W., Wang, G., Zeng, F., Zhao, L., Yang, X., Liu, P., Liu, J., Sun, J., von Deneen, K. M., Gong, Q., Liu, Y., & Tian, J. (2011). Microstructure abnormalities in adolescents with Internet addiction disorder. PLoS One, 6(6), e20708. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020708

There are 60 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Journal Section	Makaleler
Authors	Gazanfer Anlı 0000-0002-6141-7964
Publication Date	December 30, 2018
Published in Issue	Year 2018 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Anlı, G. (2018). İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi (IBAD), 3(2), 389-397. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.414862
AMA	Anlı G. İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK. IBAD. December 2018;3(2):389-397. doi:10.21733/ibad.414862
Chicago	Anlı, Gazanfer. “İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK”. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi (IBAD) 3, no. 2 (December 2018): 389-97. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.414862.
EndNote	Anlı G (December 1, 2018) İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi (IBAD) 3 2 389–397.
IEEE	G. Anlı, “İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK”, IBAD, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 389–397, 2018, doi: 10.21733/ibad.414862.
ISNAD	Anlı, Gazanfer. “İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK”. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi (IBAD) 3/2 (December 2018), 389-397. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.414862.
JAMA	Anlı G. İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK. IBAD. 2018;3:389–397.
MLA	Anlı, Gazanfer. “İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK”. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi (IBAD), vol. 3, no. 2, 2018, pp. 389-97, doi:10.21733/ibad.414862.
Vancouver	Anlı G. İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: SOSYAL VE DUYGUSAL YALNIZLIK. IBAD. 2018;3(2):389-97.