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TEKNOLOJİ TABANLI GİRİŞİMCİLERİN BAŞARISINDA YAPISAL, EKONOMİK, SOSYAL, KÜLTÜREL VE BEŞERİ SERMAYENİN ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2017, Issue: 56, 117 - 153, 31.07.2017

Abstract

Bilgi toplumuna dönüşüm ile birlikte yenilik, ihracat ve istihdam kaynağı olan teknoloji tabanlı girişimciliğin önemi giderek artmıştır. Böylelikle girişimcilik ülkelerin rekabet ve kalkınma yaklaşımlarında kullandıkları en önemli politika nesnelerinden birisi haline gelmiştir. Bu yüzden yenilikçi girişimciliğin başarısı için gerek kamu gerekse akademik alanda çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın temel sorunsalını girişimcilerin başarılarında etkili olan sermaye türleri oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada girişimcinin sermayesi olarak kavramsallaştırılan ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel ve beşeri sermaye ile girişimcilerin faaliyet gösterdikleri ekosistemin özelliklerini içeren yapısal sermayenin etkisi incelenmiştir. Anket ile toplanan veriler probit regresyon ile modellenmiş ve marjin analiz ile değerlendirişmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde girişimcilerin annelerinin çalışmasının, ailede başarılı girişimcilerin, çalışma tecrübesinin, işleri kolaylaştıran bir iş çevresinin ve ortağının olmasının girişimci başarısını pozitif yönde etkilediği; diğer taraftan okul öncesi eğitimin, ailenin girişimcilik sürecinde maddi desteğinin, işleri kolaylaştıran siyasi çevre ve diğer girişimcilere güvenin girişimciliği negatif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçta yenilikçi girişimciliğin sanayi tipi girişimcilikten farklılaştığı ve bu bağlamda girşimciliği desteklemeye yönelik politikaların ekonomik parametreler kadar sosyal ve kültürel parametreleri de dikkate alması gerekliliği görülmüştür.

References

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THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE

Year 2017, Issue: 56, 117 - 153, 31.07.2017

Abstract

With the transformation to the information society, technology-based entrepreneurship, which is a source of innovation, exports, and employment, is becoming increasingly important. Thus, entrepreneurship has become one of the most important policy subjects that countries focus on in their approaches to competition and development. As such, various studies on innovative entrepreneurship have been conducted both in the public and academic domains. In this context, the main focus of this study is the types of capital that influence the success of entrepreneurs. This study examined the influence of economic, social, cultural, and human capital conceptualized as “entrepreneur capital”. This was executed in conjunction with exploring the influence of structural capital covering the characteristics of the ecosystem in which entrepreneurs situate and operate. Data were collected via a questionnaire, modeled by probit regression, and evaluated by margin analysis. Results suggest that having a working mother, successful entrepreneurs in the family, work experience, an effective work environment, and a business partner all have a positive effect on the success of the entrepreneur. On the other hand, pre-school education, financial support of family, an effective political environment, and trust in other entrepreneurs all have a negative effect on the success of entrepreneurs. Lastly, it is seen that innovative entrepreneurship has been differentiated from industrial entrepreneurship. In this vein, policies designed to support entrepreneurship need to take social and cultural parameters into account as well as economic parameters.

References

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  • Baker, W. (1990). Market networks and corporate behaviour. American Journal of Sociology, 96, 589-625.
  • Baron R. A., & Markman G. D. (2003). Beyond social capital: The role of entrepreneurs’ social competence in their financial success. Journal of Business Venturing, 18, 41-60.
  • Bates, T. (1995). Self employment entry across industry groups. Journal Business Venturing, 10, 143-156.
  • Becker, G. S. (1975). Human capital. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  • Belfield, C. R., Nores, M., Barnett, S., & Schweinhart, L. (2006). The high/scope Perry preschool program: Cost-benefit analysis using date from the age-40 follow up. The Journal of Human Resources, 41, 162-190.
  • Bellu, R., Davidsson, P., & Goldfarb, C. (1990). Toward a theory of entrepreneurial behavior: Empirical evidence from Israel, Italy, and Sweden. Entrepreneurship Regional Development, 2(2), 195-209.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. Richardson, (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241-258). New York: Greenwood Press.
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  • Cohen, S., & Fields, G. (1999). Social capital and capital gains in Silicon Valley. California Management Review, 41(2), 108-130.
  • Collins C. J., Hanges, P. J., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of need for achievement to entrepreneurship: A meta-analysis. Human Performance, 17, 95-117.
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  • Dahrendorf, R. (1958). Toward a theory of social conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2(2), 170-183.
  • Das T., & Teng B. (1998). Between trust and control: Developing confidence in partner cooperation in alliances. Academic Management, 23, 491-512.
  • Davidson, P. (1995). Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions. Paper presented at the meeting of Rent IX Conference, Piacenza, Italy.
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  • Diaz, F., & Rodriguez, A. (2003). Locus of control nach and values of community entrepreneurs. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 31(8), 739-748.
  • DiMaggio, P. (1992). Nadel’s paradox revisited: Relational and cultural aspects of organizational structure. In N. Nohria, R. G. Eccles, (Eds.), Networks and organizations: Structure, form and action (pp. 118-142). Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  • DiMaggio, P., & Powell, W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48, 147-160.
  • Doyle, O., Harmon, C. P., Heckman, J. J., & Tremblay, R. E. (2009). Investing in early human development timing and economic efficiency. Economics and Human Biology, 7, 1-6.
  • Davidsson, P., & Honig, B. (2003). The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18, 301- 331.
  • Drucker, F. P. (1991). The new productivity challenge. Harvard Business Review, 69(6), 69-90.
  • Drucker F. P. (1994). Yeni gerçekler, (B. Karanakçı, Çev.) Ankara: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Duchesneau, D. A., & Gartner, W. B. (1988). A profile of new venture success and failure in an emerging industry. In Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research (pp. 372-386). Wellesley, MA: Babson College.
  • Dyer, J., & Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academic Management, 23, 660-79.
  • Ebadi, Y. M., & Utterback, J. M. (1984). The effects of communication on-technological innovation. Management Science, 30(5), 572-585.
  • Eisenhardt, K. M., & Tabrizi, B. N. (1995). Accelerating adaptive processes: Product innovation in the global computer industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 84-110.
  • Esmer, Y. (2012). Türkiye değerler atlası.
  • http://content.bahcesehir.edu.tr/public/files/files/ATLAS%20SUNUM%202_10_2012%20(2).pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Evans, D., & Leighton, L. (1989). Some empirical aspects of entrepreneurship. Empirical Economics, 79, 519-535.
  • Florida, R. (2002). The rise of the creative class. New York: Basic Books.
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There are 106 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Mehmet Cansız

M. Demet Ulusoy

Publication Date July 31, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 56

Cite

APA Cansız, M., & Ulusoy, M. D. (2017). THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies(56), 117-153.
AMA Cansız M, Ulusoy MD. THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies. July 2017;(56):117-153.
Chicago Cansız, Mehmet, and M. Demet Ulusoy. “THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE”. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, no. 56 (July 2017): 117-53.
EndNote Cansız M, Ulusoy MD (July 1, 2017) THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies 56 117–153.
IEEE M. Cansız and M. D. Ulusoy, “THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE”, Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, no. 56, pp. 117–153, July 2017.
ISNAD Cansız, Mehmet - Ulusoy, M. Demet. “THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE”. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies 56 (July 2017), 117-153.
JAMA Cansız M, Ulusoy MD. THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies. 2017;:117–153.
MLA Cansız, Mehmet and M. Demet Ulusoy. “THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE”. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, no. 56, 2017, pp. 117-53.
Vancouver Cansız M, Ulusoy MD. THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL CAPITALS AND HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE SUCCESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRENEURS: THE TURKISH CASE. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies. 2017(56):117-53.