Öz
Abbreviation, which is described as a common word formation method for today’s languages, is defined as the process of removing certain units from a word and/or a phrase (Plag, 2002, p. 160). Since the ways of applying the abbreviation process to the base form are different from each other, this process is considered as an upper process that includes more than one sub-processes, which reveals the complex nature of the abbreviation phenomenon in the language. As a reflection of the complex nature mentioned earlier, the different categories of sub-processes listed under the abbreviation process show that they were grounded on different parameters. This case of abbreviation, which is a complex process of derivational morphology, result in the fact that there is no general consensus in terminologization of the process, especially in sub-processors. In this study, abbreviations are discussed in terms of definition, features, common and seperate categories of abbreviations are described with examples within the framework of the relevant literature, the criteria and parameters they are based on and the general view that emerges is discussed by synthesizing.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Abbreviation Categorizations of Abbreviation Initialism Acronymy Clipping Blending Derivational Morphology
Kaynakça
- Aronoff, M. (1976). Word Formation in Generative Grammar. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
- Bauer, L. (1983). English Word-Formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Booij, G. (2020). Principles of Word Formation. In M. Putnam & B. Page (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics (Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 238-258.
- Bychkova, T. (2020). Cognitive Approach to the Theory of Abbreviation. 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences: Conference Proceedings. 129-138.
- Cannon, G. (1989). Abbreviations and Acronyms in English Word-Formation. American Speech. 64(2), 99-127.
- Crystal, D. (1995). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Crystal, D. (2003). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Crystal, D. (2019). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Denning, K. vd. (1995). English Vocabulary Elements. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Derin, T. vd. (2019). Indonesians’ Tendency to Refer Abbreviation as Acronym: Types of Abbreviation as Word Formation Process. Globish: An English-Indonesian Journal for English, Education, and Culture. 8(2) 9-18.
- Fandrych, I. (2004). Non-Morphematic Word-Formation Processes: A Multi-Level Approach to Acronyms, Blends, Clippings and Onomatopoeia. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.
- Fromkin, V. vd. (2003). An Introduction to Language. 7th ed. USA: Heinle, a part of Thomson Corporation.
- Harley, H. (2006). English Words: A Linguistic Introduction. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
- Kocaman, A. (1990). Dilbilim Terimleri Sözlüğü. Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1, 155-190. Retrieved from http://dad.boun.edu.tr/tr/pub/issue/29234/312979
- López-Rúa, P. (2002). On the structure of Acronyms and Neighbouring Categories: A Prototype-Based Account. English Language and Linguistics. 6 (1), 31-60.
- McArthur, T. (1988). The Cult of Abbreviation. English Today. 4(3), 36-42.
- Minyar-Beloroucheva vd. (2020). Semantic and cognitive communicative aspects of abbreviation in the modern English discourse varieties. International Journal of English Linguistics. 10(1), 26-36.
- Plag, I. (2002). Word-Formation in English. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Pujiyanti, A. vd. (2019). Analysis of Acronym and Abbreviations in IJAL Journal. Journal of English Language Learning. 3(2), 9-21.
- Quirk, R. vd. (1985). A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman.
- Raith, E. ve Gusdian, R.I. (2018). Word Formation Processes in English New Words of Oxford English Dictionary (OED) Online. Celtic: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching. Literature and Linguistics, 5(2), 24-35. Sarı, İ. (2015). Türkçede ekleme dışı sözcük yapımı ve sözlükselleşme. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ankara.
- Vicentini, A. (2003). The Economy Principle in Language. Università di Milano, Mots Palabras Words. 37-57.
- Yule, G. (2006). The Study of Language. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Öz
Günümüz dilleri için yaygın bir sözcük oluşturma yöntemi olarak nitelendirilen kısaltma, bir sözcük ve/veya öbekte yer alan belirli birimlerin sözcükten çıkarılması süreci olarak tanımlanmaktadır (Plag, 2002, s. 160). Kısaltma işleminin taban biçime uygulanma yolları birbirinden farklı olduğu için bu işlem birden fazla alt süreci kapsayan bir üst süreç olarak değerlendirilmekte, bu da dilde kısaltma olgusunun karmaşık doğasını ortaya koymaktadır. Söz konusu karmaşık doğanın yansıması olarak kısaltma sürecinin altında dizelgelenen alt süreçlerin birbirinden farklı ulamlaştırılması, farklı değiştirgenlerin temel alındığını göstermektedir. Türetimsel biçimbilimin karmaşık bir süreci olan kısaltmaya yönelik bu durum, sürecin özellikle alt işleyiş düzeneklerinin terimleştirilmesinde de genel geçer bir uzlaşı olmamasıyla sonuçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kısaltma; tanımı ve özellikleri, kısaltma türlerine yönelik yapılan ortak ve ayrı ulamlaştırmalar, temel alınan değiştirgenlerle ilgili alanyazın çerçevesinde örneklerle betimlenmiş, dayandıkları ölçütler, değiştirgenler ve ortaya çıkan genel görünüm sentezlenerek tartışılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kısaltma Kısaltma Ulamlaştırmaları Başharfleştirme Kısa Adlama Kırpma Karma Türetimsel Biçimbilim
Kaynakça
- Aronoff, M. (1976). Word Formation in Generative Grammar. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
- Bauer, L. (1983). English Word-Formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Booij, G. (2020). Principles of Word Formation. In M. Putnam & B. Page (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics (Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 238-258.
- Bychkova, T. (2020). Cognitive Approach to the Theory of Abbreviation. 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences: Conference Proceedings. 129-138.
- Cannon, G. (1989). Abbreviations and Acronyms in English Word-Formation. American Speech. 64(2), 99-127.
- Crystal, D. (1995). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Crystal, D. (2003). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Crystal, D. (2019). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Denning, K. vd. (1995). English Vocabulary Elements. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Derin, T. vd. (2019). Indonesians’ Tendency to Refer Abbreviation as Acronym: Types of Abbreviation as Word Formation Process. Globish: An English-Indonesian Journal for English, Education, and Culture. 8(2) 9-18.
- Fandrych, I. (2004). Non-Morphematic Word-Formation Processes: A Multi-Level Approach to Acronyms, Blends, Clippings and Onomatopoeia. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.
- Fromkin, V. vd. (2003). An Introduction to Language. 7th ed. USA: Heinle, a part of Thomson Corporation.
- Harley, H. (2006). English Words: A Linguistic Introduction. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
- Kocaman, A. (1990). Dilbilim Terimleri Sözlüğü. Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1, 155-190. Retrieved from http://dad.boun.edu.tr/tr/pub/issue/29234/312979
- López-Rúa, P. (2002). On the structure of Acronyms and Neighbouring Categories: A Prototype-Based Account. English Language and Linguistics. 6 (1), 31-60.
- McArthur, T. (1988). The Cult of Abbreviation. English Today. 4(3), 36-42.
- Minyar-Beloroucheva vd. (2020). Semantic and cognitive communicative aspects of abbreviation in the modern English discourse varieties. International Journal of English Linguistics. 10(1), 26-36.
- Plag, I. (2002). Word-Formation in English. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Pujiyanti, A. vd. (2019). Analysis of Acronym and Abbreviations in IJAL Journal. Journal of English Language Learning. 3(2), 9-21.
- Quirk, R. vd. (1985). A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman.
- Raith, E. ve Gusdian, R.I. (2018). Word Formation Processes in English New Words of Oxford English Dictionary (OED) Online. Celtic: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching. Literature and Linguistics, 5(2), 24-35. Sarı, İ. (2015). Türkçede ekleme dışı sözcük yapımı ve sözlükselleşme. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ankara.
- Vicentini, A. (2003). The Economy Principle in Language. Università di Milano, Mots Palabras Words. 37-57.
- Yule, G. (2006). The Study of Language. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Dilbilim |
| Bölüm | Derleme Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Haziran 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 4 Ekim 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 |
