Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Negative Polarity Items, DPs and Phase Sliding

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 18 - 40, 30.06.2021

Murat Özgen

https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.802012

Öz

A negative polarity item (henceforth, NPI) needs a licensor and it may be an overt negation, question force, or a conditional clause (Benmamoun, 1997; Kelepir, 2001; Kumar, 2006; Kural, 1997; Laka, 2013; Mahajan, 1990; Vasishth, 1999). Studies on NPI literature abound and various studies have suggested various licensing conditions of NPIs. However, literature on the licensing conditions of NPIs can be grouped under two major titles. One of them is clausemateness (Choe, 1988; Kelepir, 2001; Muraki, 1978), which basically requires that NPIs and negation be in the same clausal domain. On the other side of the coin stands a more recent account, i.e. phasemateness (Kayabaşı & Özgen 2018; Yamashita, 2003), which states that NPIs must be spelt out within the same domain in which negation exists. Given the two accounts, only phasemateness can predict the behaviors of NPIs in full finite CPs, whereas none of those accounts can predict the grammaticality of nominal DP domains in Turkish with a negative licensor outside of the spell-out domain of the same DP. I attempted to discuss this problem at length, and show that the structural hierarchy within Turkish DPs is somewhat tricky. I will follow Gallego (2010) and Chomsky (2001) and assume that there is phase sliding within DPs, thus NPIs are also licensed within the same domain on the grounds of weak phase impenetrability condition ‘PIC’ (a.k.a. PIC2). The system I will propose here is also borne out by other independent factors such as binding and embedding in Turkish.

Anahtar Kelimeler

NPI DP Phase Sliding Full Finite CP Spell Out

Kaynakça

  • Abe, J., & Hoshi, H. (1997). Gapping and P-stranding. Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 6(1), pp. 101-136.
  • Abe, J., & Hoshi, H. (1997). Gapping and P-stranding. Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 6(1), pp. 101-136.
  • Alexiadou, A. (1999). On the properties of some Greek word order patterns. In A. Alexiadou, G. C. Horrocks, & M. Stavrou (Eds.), Studies in Greek syntax (pp. 45-65). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Alexiadou, A. (1999). On the properties of some Greek word order patterns. In A. Alexiadou, G. C. Horrocks, & M. Stavrou (Eds.), Studies in Greek syntax (pp. 45-65). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Alexiadou, A., & Anagnostopoulou, E. (1997). Toward a uniform account of scrambling and clitic doubling. In W. Abraham, & E. van Gelderen (Eds.), German: Syntactic Problems, Problematic Syntax (pp. 143-161). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Alexiadou, A., & Anagnostopoulou, E. (1997). Toward a uniform account of scrambling and clitic doubling. In W. Abraham, & E. van Gelderen (Eds.), German: Syntactic Problems, Problematic Syntax (pp. 143-161). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Benmamoun, E. (1997). Licensing of negative polarity items in Moroccan Arabic. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 15(2). 263–287.
  • Benmamoun, E. (1997). Licensing of negative polarity items in Moroccan Arabic. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 15(2). 263–287.
  • Boskovic, Z. (2008). What will you have, DP or NP?. In Proceedings-Nels (Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 101).
  • Boskovic, Z. (2008). What will you have, DP or NP?. In Proceedings-Nels (Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 101).
  • Bošković, Ž. (2012). On NPs and clauses. In G. Grewendolf, & T. E. Zimmermann (Eds.), Discourse and grammar: From sentence types to lexical categories (pp. 179, 242). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž. (2012). On NPs and clauses. In G. Grewendolf, & T. E. Zimmermann (Eds.), Discourse and grammar: From sentence types to lexical categories (pp. 179, 242). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž. (2013). Phases beyond Clauses. In L. Schrücks, A. Giannakidou, & U. Etxeberria (Eds.), The nominal structure in Slavic and beyond (pp. 116-175). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž. (2013). Phases beyond Clauses. In L. Schrücks, A. Giannakidou, & U. Etxeberria (Eds.), The nominal structure in Slavic and beyond (pp. 116-175). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž., & Şener, S. (2014). The Turkish NP. In P. Cabredo Hofherr, & A. Zribi-Hertz (Eds.), Crosslinguistic studies on noun phrase structure and reference, (pp. 102-140). Leiden: Brill.
  • Bošković, Ž., & Şener, S. (2014). The Turkish NP. In P. Cabredo Hofherr, & A. Zribi-Hertz (Eds.), Crosslinguistic studies on noun phrase structure and reference, (pp. 102-140). Leiden: Brill.
  • Choe, H. S. (1988). Restructuring parameters and complex predicates: a transformational approach. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Choe, H. S. (1988). Restructuring parameters and complex predicates: a transformational approach. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Chomsky, N. (2000). Minimalist Inquiries: The Framework. In R. Marvin, D. Michaels, & J. Uriagereka (Eds.), Step by step: Essays in minimalist syntax in honor of Howard Lasnik (pp. 89-156). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2000). Minimalist Inquiries: The Framework. In R. Marvin, D. Michaels, & J. Uriagereka (Eds.), Step by step: Essays in minimalist syntax in honor of Howard Lasnik (pp. 89-156). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2001). Derivation by phase. In M. Kenstowicz (Ed.), Ken Hale: A life in language (pp. 1-52). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2001). Derivation by phase. In M. Kenstowicz (Ed.), Ken Hale: A life in language (pp. 1-52). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2004). Beyond explanatory adequacy. In A. Belletti (Ed.), Structures and Beyond: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 3, ed. (pp. 104–31). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2004). Beyond explanatory adequacy. In A. Belletti (Ed.), Structures and Beyond: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 3, ed. (pp. 104–31). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2006). Approaching UG from below. Ms.: MIT.
  • Chomsky, N. (2006). Approaching UG from below. Ms.: MIT.
  • Citko, B. (2010). On the (a)symmetric nature of movement: a view from Polish wh- and passive movement. In C.
  • Citko, B. (2010). On the (a)symmetric nature of movement: a view from Polish wh- and passive movement. In C.
  • Browne et al. (Eds.), Formal approaches to Slavic linguistics 18: the second Cornell meeting 2009 (pp. 38–57). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Browne et al. (Eds.), Formal approaches to Slavic linguistics 18: the second Cornell meeting 2009 (pp. 38–57). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Den Dikken, M. (2007). Phase extension: contours of a theory of the role of head movement in phrasal extraction. Theoretical linguistics 33, 1–41.
  • Den Dikken, M. (2007). Phase extension: contours of a theory of the role of head movement in phrasal extraction. Theoretical linguistics 33, 1–41.
  • Dryer, M. S. (2013). Negative morphemes. The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  • Dryer, M. S. (2013). Negative morphemes. The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2002). Rule applications as cycles in a level-free syntax. In S. D. Epstein, & T. D. Seely (Eds.), Derivation and explanation in the minimalist program (pp. 65–89). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2002). Rule applications as cycles in a level-free syntax. In S. D. Epstein, & T. D. Seely (Eds.), Derivation and explanation in the minimalist program (pp. 65–89). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2006). Transformations and derivations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2006). Transformations and derivations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Erguvanli-Taylan, E. E. (1984). The function of word order in Turkish grammar (Vol. 106). University of California Press.
  • Erguvanli-Taylan, E. E. (1984). The function of word order in Turkish grammar (Vol. 106). University of California Press.
  • Erk-Emeksiz, Z. (2003). Özgüllük ve belirlilik (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dilbilim Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • Erk-Emeksiz, Z. (2003). Özgüllük ve belirlilik (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dilbilim Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • Gallego, Á. (2009). Ellipsis by phase. Ms. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
  • Gallego, Á. (2009). Ellipsis by phase. Ms. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
  • Gallego, A. J. (2010). Phase theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Gallego, A. J. (2010). Phase theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Gengel, K. (2007). Focus and ellipsis: A generative analysis of pseudogapping and other elliptical structures. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Stuttgart.
  • Gengel, K. (2007). Focus and ellipsis: A generative analysis of pseudogapping and other elliptical structures. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Stuttgart.
  • Giannakidou, A. (1997). The landscape of polarity items. PhD dissertation, University of Groningen.
  • Giannakidou, A. (1997). The landscape of polarity items. PhD dissertation, University of Groningen.
  • Göksel, A., & Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A comprehensive grammar. Routledge.
  • Göksel, A., & Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A comprehensive grammar. Routledge.
  • Haspelmath, M. (1997). Indefinite pronouns. Oxford University Press.
  • Haspelmath, M. (1997). Indefinite pronouns. Oxford University Press.
  • Hiraiwa, K. (2005). Dimensions of symmetry in syntax: Agreement and clausal architecture (Doctoral dissertation). Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA.
  • Hiraiwa, K. (2005). Dimensions of symmetry in syntax: Agreement and clausal architecture (Doctoral dissertation). Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA.
  • İnce, A. (2009). Dimensions of ellipsis: Investigations in Turkish. University of Maryland, College Park.
  • İnce, A. (2009). Dimensions of ellipsis: Investigations in Turkish. University of Maryland, College Park.
  • Kayabaşi, D., & Özgen, M. (2018). A phase-based account of NPI-licensing in Turkish, Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 54(1), 83-113.
  • Kayabaşi, D., & Özgen, M. (2018). A phase-based account of NPI-licensing in Turkish, Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 54(1), 83-113.
  • Kayne, R. S. (1994). The antisymmetry of syntax, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Kayne, R. S. (1994). The antisymmetry of syntax, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Kelepir, M. (2001). Topics in Turkish syntax: clausal structure and scope. (PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.)
  • Kelepir, M. (2001). Topics in Turkish syntax: clausal structure and scope. (PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.)
  • Keskin, C. (2009). Subject agreement-dependency of accusative case in Turkish or jump-starting grammatical machinery. Amsterdam: LOT Publishing.
  • Keskin, C. (2009). Subject agreement-dependency of accusative case in Turkish or jump-starting grammatical machinery. Amsterdam: LOT Publishing.
  • Kornfilt, J. (1997). Turkish. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Kornfilt, J. (1997). Turkish. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Kornfilt, J. (2018). NP versus DP: Which one fits Turkish nominal phrases better? Turkic Languages, 22(2), 155-166.
  • Kornfilt, J. (2018). NP versus DP: Which one fits Turkish nominal phrases better? Turkic Languages, 22(2), 155-166.
  • Kumar, R. (2006). Negation and licensing of negative polarity items in Hindi syntax. London: Taylor and Francis.
  • Kumar, R. (2006). Negation and licensing of negative polarity items in Hindi syntax. London: Taylor and Francis.
  • Kural, M. (1997). Postverbal constituents in Turkish and the linear correspondence axiom. Linguistic Inquiry, 28(3), 498-519.
  • Kural, M. (1997). Postverbal constituents in Turkish and the linear correspondence axiom. Linguistic Inquiry, 28(3), 498-519.
  • Ladusaw, W. (1979). Negative polarity items as inherent scope relations. PhD dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.
  • Ladusaw, W. (1979). Negative polarity items as inherent scope relations. PhD dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.
  • Lahne, A. (2008). Where there is fire there is smoke: local modelling of successive-cyclic movement. Doctoral dissertation, University of Leipzig.
  • Lahne, A. (2008). Where there is fire there is smoke: local modelling of successive-cyclic movement. Doctoral dissertation, University of Leipzig.
  • Laka, I. (2013). Negation in syntax: On the nature of functional categories and projections. Anuario del Seminario de Filología Vasca Julio de Urquijo, 25(1). 65–136.
  • Laka, I. (2013). Negation in syntax: On the nature of functional categories and projections. Anuario del Seminario de Filología Vasca Julio de Urquijo, 25(1). 65–136.
  • Lasnik, H. (1999). On feature strength: three minimalist approaches to overt movement. Linguistic Inquiry, 30, 197-217.
  • Lasnik, H. (1999). On feature strength: three minimalist approaches to overt movement. Linguistic Inquiry, 30, 197-217.
  • Lasnik, H. (2001). When can you save a structure by destroying it? North East Linguistic Society, 31(2), Article 5.
  • Lasnik, H. (2001). When can you save a structure by destroying it? North East Linguistic Society, 31(2), Article 5.
  • Lasnik, H. (2008). Repair by ellipsis revisited. Class lectures at Nanzan University, Japan.
  • Lasnik, H. (2008). Repair by ellipsis revisited. Class lectures at Nanzan University, Japan.
  • Lee-Schoenfeld, V. (2004). Binding by phase: (Non-)Complementarity in German. Journal of Germanic Linguistics, 16(2), 111-173.
  • Lee-Schoenfeld, V. (2004). Binding by phase: (Non-)Complementarity in German. Journal of Germanic Linguistics, 16(2), 111-173.
  • Legate, J. (2003). Some interface properties of the phase. Linguistic Inquiry 34, 506–516
  • Legate, J. (2003). Some interface properties of the phase. Linguistic Inquiry 34, 506–516
  • Levine, R. D. (1985). Right node (non-)raising. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 492–497.
  • Levine, R. D. (1985). Right node (non-)raising. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 492–497.
  • Lewis, G. L. (1967). Turkish language. Oxford: OUP.
  • Lewis, G. L. (1967). Turkish language. Oxford: OUP.
  • López, L. (2012). Indefinite objects: Scrambling, choice functions, and differential marking (Vol. 63). MIT Press.
  • López, L. (2012). Indefinite objects: Scrambling, choice functions, and differential marking (Vol. 63). MIT Press.
  • Mahajan, A.K. (1990). LF conditions on negative polarity licensing. Lingua 80(4). 333–348.
  • Mahajan, A.K. (1990). LF conditions on negative polarity licensing. Lingua 80(4). 333–348.
  • Marantz, A. (2007). Phases and words. In S. H. Choe (Ed.), Phases in the theory of grammar (pp. 191-220). Seoul: Dong In.
  • Marantz, A. (2007). Phases and words. In S. H. Choe (Ed.), Phases in the theory of grammar (pp. 191-220). Seoul: Dong In.
  • Matushansky, O. (2005). Going through a phase. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 49: Perspectives on Phases, 157–181.
  • Matushansky, O. (2005). Going through a phase. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 49: Perspectives on Phases, 157–181.
  • Merchant, J. (2001). The syntax of silence: Sluicing, islands, and the theory of ellipsis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Merchant, J. (2001). The syntax of silence: Sluicing, islands, and the theory of ellipsis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Miyagawa, S. (2010). Why agree? Why move. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph, 54.
  • Miyagawa, S. (2010). Why agree? Why move. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph, 54.
  • Muraki, M. (1978). The sika nai construction and predicate restructuring. Problems in Japanese syntax and semantics, 155-177.
  • Muraki, M. (1978). The sika nai construction and predicate restructuring. Problems in Japanese syntax and semantics, 155-177.
  • Müller, G. (2004). Phrase impenetrability and wh-intervention. In A. Stepanov, G. Fanselow, & R. Vogel (Eds.), Minimality effects in syntax (pp. 289–325). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Müller, G. (2004). Phrase impenetrability and wh-intervention. In A. Stepanov, G. Fanselow, & R. Vogel (Eds.), Minimality effects in syntax (pp. 289–325). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Müller, G. (2011). Constraints on displacement: a phase-based approach. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Müller, G. (2011). Constraints on displacement: a phase-based approach. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Ordóñez, F. (1998). Post-verbal asymmetries in Spanish. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 16(2), 313-345.
  • Ordóñez, F. (1998). Post-verbal asymmetries in Spanish. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 16(2), 313-345.
  • Ott, D. (2008). Notes on noun ph(r)ases. Ms., Harvard University.
  • Ott, D. (2008). Notes on noun ph(r)ases. Ms., Harvard University.
  • Özgen, M. (2018). Phasehood of DPs in Turkish: an implication for non-simultaneity. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2),1-31.
  • Özgen, M. (2018). Phasehood of DPs in Turkish: an implication for non-simultaneity. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2),1-31.
  • Özgen, M. (2019). Binding in Turkish nominal phrases and phase-sliding. Dilbilim araştırmaları dergisi, 30(2), 145-170.
  • Özgen, M. (2019). Binding in Turkish nominal phrases and phase-sliding. Dilbilim araştırmaları dergisi, 30(2), 145-170.
  • Pereltsvaig, A. (2007). The Universality of DP: A view from Russian. Studia Linguistica 61: 59–94.
  • Pereltsvaig, A. (2007). The Universality of DP: A view from Russian. Studia Linguistica 61: 59–94.
  • Pesetsky, D., & Torrego, E. (2001). T-to-C movement: Causes and consequences. Current studies in linguistics series, 36, 355-426.
  • Pesetsky, D., & Torrego, E. (2001). T-to-C movement: Causes and consequences. Current studies in linguistics series, 36, 355-426.
  • Progovac, L. (1998). Determiner phrase in a language without determiners. Journal of Linguistics 34, 165–79.
  • Progovac, L. (1998). Determiner phrase in a language without determiners. Journal of Linguistics 34, 165–79.
  • Rappaport, G. C. (2001). Extraction from nominal phrases in Polish and the theory of determiners. Journal of Slavic Linguistics 8: 159–98.
  • Rappaport, G. C. (2001). Extraction from nominal phrases in Polish and the theory of determiners. Journal of Slavic Linguistics 8: 159–98.
  • Rizzi, L. (1997). The fine structure of the left periphery. In L. Haegeman (Ed.), Elements of grammar (pp. 281-337). Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Rizzi, L. (1997). The fine structure of the left periphery. In L. Haegeman (Ed.), Elements of grammar (pp. 281-337). Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Ross, J. R. (1970). Gapping and the order of constituents. In Progress in Linguistics, The Hague: Mouton.
  • Ross, J. R. (1970). Gapping and the order of constituents. In Progress in Linguistics, The Hague: Mouton.
  • Rouveret, A. (2012). VP ellipsis, phases and the syntax of morphology. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 30(3), 897-963.
  • Rouveret, A. (2012). VP ellipsis, phases and the syntax of morphology. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 30(3), 897-963.
  • Rutkowski, P. & Progovac, L. (2005). Classification projection in Polish and Serbian. In S. Franks et al (Eds.), Formal Approaches to Slavic Linguistics (pp. 289–299). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Rutkowski, P. & Progovac, L. (2005). Classification projection in Polish and Serbian. In S. Franks et al (Eds.), Formal Approaches to Slavic Linguistics (pp. 289–299). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Rutkowski, P. (2002). The syntax of quantifier phrases and the inherent versus structural case distinction. Linguistic Research 7, 43–74.
  • Rutkowski, P. (2002). The syntax of quantifier phrases and the inherent versus structural case distinction. Linguistic Research 7, 43–74.
  • Saito, Mamoru (1985). Some asymmetries in japanese and their theoretical implications. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Saito, Mamoru (1985). Some asymmetries in japanese and their theoretical implications. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Samek-Lodovici, V. (2019). Prosody-Driven Scrambling in Italian. Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 15: Selected papers from'Going Romance'30, Frankfurt, 15, 177.
  • Samek-Lodovici, V. (2019). Prosody-Driven Scrambling in Italian. Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 15: Selected papers from'Going Romance'30, Frankfurt, 15, 177.
  • Sezer, F. E. (1991). Issues in Turkish syntax. Harvard University PhD thesis.
  • Sezer, F. E. (1991). Issues in Turkish syntax. Harvard University PhD thesis.
  • Svenious, P. (2004). On the edge. In D. Adger, C. D. Cat, & A. G. (Eds.), Peripheries: Syntactic Edges and their Effects (pp. 261-287). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Svenious, P. (2004). On the edge. In D. Adger, C. D. Cat, & A. G. (Eds.), Peripheries: Syntactic Edges and their Effects (pp. 261-287). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Şener, S. (2008). Non-canonical case licensing is canonical: Accusative subjects of CPs. Ms., University of Connecticut, Storrs.
  • Şener, S. (2008). Non-canonical case licensing is canonical: Accusative subjects of CPs. Ms., University of Connecticut, Storrs.
  • Türker, L. (2019). Noun phrases in article-less languages: Uzbek and beyond (Vol. 253). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Türker, L. (2019). Noun phrases in article-less languages: Uzbek and beyond (Vol. 253). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2008). Feature inheritance and subject Case in Turkish. Ms.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2008). Feature inheritance and subject Case in Turkish. Ms.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2009). Feature inheritance and subject case in Turkish. In S. Ay, Ö. Aydın, İ. Ergenç, S. Gökmen, S.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2009). Feature inheritance and subject case in Turkish. In S. Ay, Ö. Aydın, İ. Ergenç, S. Gökmen, S.
  • İşsever & D.Peçenek (Eds.), Essays on Turkish Linguistics Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Turkish Linguistics (pp. 141-151). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
  • İşsever & D.Peçenek (Eds.), Essays on Turkish Linguistics Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Turkish Linguistics (pp. 141-151). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
  • Underhill, R. (1976). Turkish grammar. Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
  • Underhill, R. (1976). Turkish grammar. Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
  • Vasishth, S. (1999). Surface structure constraints on negative polarity and word order in Hindi and English. The Proceedings of the Resource Logics and Minimalist Grammars Conference.
  • Vasishth, S. (1999). Surface structure constraints on negative polarity and word order in Hindi and English. The Proceedings of the Resource Logics and Minimalist Grammars Conference.
  • Wexler, K. & Culicover, P. W. (1980). Formal principles of language acquisition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Wexler, K. & Culicover, P. W. (1980). Formal principles of language acquisition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Yamashita, H. (2003). On the distribution and licensing of negative polarity items in Japanese and the Phase-Impenetrability Condition. In Proceedings of the Fourth Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics (Vol. 313, p. 337). Tokyo: Hituzi Syobo.
  • Yamashita, H. (2003). On the distribution and licensing of negative polarity items in Japanese and the Phase-Impenetrability Condition. In Proceedings of the Fourth Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics (Vol. 313, p. 337). Tokyo: Hituzi Syobo.
  • Yoshida, M., & Gallego, Á. J. (2008). Phases and ellipsis. In 27th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics.
  • Yoshida, M., & Gallego, Á. J. (2008). Phases and ellipsis. In 27th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics.

Olumsuz Kutup Birimleri, BelÖ ve Evre Kaydırımı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 18 - 40, 30.06.2021

Murat Özgen

https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.802012

Öz

Olumsuz kutup birimleri (buradan sonra, OKB) kendisini yetkilendiren bir dilsel anlatım gerektirir. Bu dilsel anlatım, olumsuzluk, soru kipi ya da bir koşul tümcesi olabilir (Benmamoun, 1997; Kelepir, 2001; Kumar, 2006; Kural, 1997; Laka, 2013; Mahajan, 1990; Vasishth, 1999). OKB alanyazınındaki çalışmaların sayısı çok olmakla birlikte, çeşitli çalışmalar OKB’lerin yetkilendirilmesiyle ilgili farklı koşullar sunmuştur. Bununla beraber, OKB’lerin yetkilendirilmelerini açıklayan alanyazın iki temel başlık altında toplanabilir. Bunlardan birisi, temelde OKB ve olumsuzluğun aynı tümcesel alanda olmasını koşullayan tümcedeşlik koşuludur (Choe, 1988; Kelepir, 2001; Muraki, 1978). Diğeri ise, daha güncel bir yaklaşım olan evredeşliktir ve OKB ile olumsuzluğun aynı alan içerisinde dağıtıma yollanmasını öngörür (Kayabaşı & Özgen 2018; Yamashita, 2003). Bu iki yaklaşımı ele alırsak, yalnızca evredeşliğin tam çekimli TÖ’lerde yer alan OKB’lerin davranışlarını ve dağılımlarını açıklayabildiği görülür. Buna karşın, bu iki yaklaşımdan hiçbiri dağıtım alanı dışındaki bir olumsuzluk biriminin BelÖ dağıtım alanı içinde yer alan bir OKB’yi nasıl yetkilendirdiğini açıklayamaz. Biz öncelikle bu sorunu etraflıca tartışıp Türkçe BelÖ’lerin içyapısının göründüğünden daha karmaşık olduğunu gösterdik. Sonrasında, Gallego (2010) ve Chomsky’i (2001) izleyerek BelÖ’de evre kaydırımı gerçekleştiğini ve OKB’lerin bu sayede güçsüz evre girimsizliği koşulu ‘EGK’ (yani, EGK2) çerçevesinde çerçevesinde yetkilendirildiğini savladık. Burada önerdiğimiz sistem, bağlama ve içe yerleştirme gibi Türkçedeki bağımsız başkaca dilbilgisel verileri de açıklayabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

OKB Evre kaydırımı BelÖ EGK Tam Çekimli TÖ Dağıtım

Kaynakça

  • Abe, J., & Hoshi, H. (1997). Gapping and P-stranding. Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 6(1), pp. 101-136.
  • Abe, J., & Hoshi, H. (1997). Gapping and P-stranding. Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 6(1), pp. 101-136.
  • Alexiadou, A. (1999). On the properties of some Greek word order patterns. In A. Alexiadou, G. C. Horrocks, & M. Stavrou (Eds.), Studies in Greek syntax (pp. 45-65). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Alexiadou, A. (1999). On the properties of some Greek word order patterns. In A. Alexiadou, G. C. Horrocks, & M. Stavrou (Eds.), Studies in Greek syntax (pp. 45-65). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Alexiadou, A., & Anagnostopoulou, E. (1997). Toward a uniform account of scrambling and clitic doubling. In W. Abraham, & E. van Gelderen (Eds.), German: Syntactic Problems, Problematic Syntax (pp. 143-161). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Alexiadou, A., & Anagnostopoulou, E. (1997). Toward a uniform account of scrambling and clitic doubling. In W. Abraham, & E. van Gelderen (Eds.), German: Syntactic Problems, Problematic Syntax (pp. 143-161). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Benmamoun, E. (1997). Licensing of negative polarity items in Moroccan Arabic. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 15(2). 263–287.
  • Benmamoun, E. (1997). Licensing of negative polarity items in Moroccan Arabic. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 15(2). 263–287.
  • Boskovic, Z. (2008). What will you have, DP or NP?. In Proceedings-Nels (Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 101).
  • Boskovic, Z. (2008). What will you have, DP or NP?. In Proceedings-Nels (Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 101).
  • Bošković, Ž. (2012). On NPs and clauses. In G. Grewendolf, & T. E. Zimmermann (Eds.), Discourse and grammar: From sentence types to lexical categories (pp. 179, 242). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž. (2012). On NPs and clauses. In G. Grewendolf, & T. E. Zimmermann (Eds.), Discourse and grammar: From sentence types to lexical categories (pp. 179, 242). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž. (2013). Phases beyond Clauses. In L. Schrücks, A. Giannakidou, & U. Etxeberria (Eds.), The nominal structure in Slavic and beyond (pp. 116-175). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž. (2013). Phases beyond Clauses. In L. Schrücks, A. Giannakidou, & U. Etxeberria (Eds.), The nominal structure in Slavic and beyond (pp. 116-175). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Bošković, Ž., & Şener, S. (2014). The Turkish NP. In P. Cabredo Hofherr, & A. Zribi-Hertz (Eds.), Crosslinguistic studies on noun phrase structure and reference, (pp. 102-140). Leiden: Brill.
  • Bošković, Ž., & Şener, S. (2014). The Turkish NP. In P. Cabredo Hofherr, & A. Zribi-Hertz (Eds.), Crosslinguistic studies on noun phrase structure and reference, (pp. 102-140). Leiden: Brill.
  • Choe, H. S. (1988). Restructuring parameters and complex predicates: a transformational approach. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Choe, H. S. (1988). Restructuring parameters and complex predicates: a transformational approach. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Chomsky, N. (2000). Minimalist Inquiries: The Framework. In R. Marvin, D. Michaels, & J. Uriagereka (Eds.), Step by step: Essays in minimalist syntax in honor of Howard Lasnik (pp. 89-156). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2000). Minimalist Inquiries: The Framework. In R. Marvin, D. Michaels, & J. Uriagereka (Eds.), Step by step: Essays in minimalist syntax in honor of Howard Lasnik (pp. 89-156). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2001). Derivation by phase. In M. Kenstowicz (Ed.), Ken Hale: A life in language (pp. 1-52). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2001). Derivation by phase. In M. Kenstowicz (Ed.), Ken Hale: A life in language (pp. 1-52). Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2004). Beyond explanatory adequacy. In A. Belletti (Ed.), Structures and Beyond: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 3, ed. (pp. 104–31). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2004). Beyond explanatory adequacy. In A. Belletti (Ed.), Structures and Beyond: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 3, ed. (pp. 104–31). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2006). Approaching UG from below. Ms.: MIT.
  • Chomsky, N. (2006). Approaching UG from below. Ms.: MIT.
  • Citko, B. (2010). On the (a)symmetric nature of movement: a view from Polish wh- and passive movement. In C.
  • Citko, B. (2010). On the (a)symmetric nature of movement: a view from Polish wh- and passive movement. In C.
  • Browne et al. (Eds.), Formal approaches to Slavic linguistics 18: the second Cornell meeting 2009 (pp. 38–57). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Browne et al. (Eds.), Formal approaches to Slavic linguistics 18: the second Cornell meeting 2009 (pp. 38–57). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Den Dikken, M. (2007). Phase extension: contours of a theory of the role of head movement in phrasal extraction. Theoretical linguistics 33, 1–41.
  • Den Dikken, M. (2007). Phase extension: contours of a theory of the role of head movement in phrasal extraction. Theoretical linguistics 33, 1–41.
  • Dryer, M. S. (2013). Negative morphemes. The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  • Dryer, M. S. (2013). Negative morphemes. The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2002). Rule applications as cycles in a level-free syntax. In S. D. Epstein, & T. D. Seely (Eds.), Derivation and explanation in the minimalist program (pp. 65–89). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2002). Rule applications as cycles in a level-free syntax. In S. D. Epstein, & T. D. Seely (Eds.), Derivation and explanation in the minimalist program (pp. 65–89). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2006). Transformations and derivations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Epstein, S. D. & Seely, T. D. (2006). Transformations and derivations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Erguvanli-Taylan, E. E. (1984). The function of word order in Turkish grammar (Vol. 106). University of California Press.
  • Erguvanli-Taylan, E. E. (1984). The function of word order in Turkish grammar (Vol. 106). University of California Press.
  • Erk-Emeksiz, Z. (2003). Özgüllük ve belirlilik (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dilbilim Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • Erk-Emeksiz, Z. (2003). Özgüllük ve belirlilik (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dilbilim Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • Gallego, Á. (2009). Ellipsis by phase. Ms. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
  • Gallego, Á. (2009). Ellipsis by phase. Ms. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
  • Gallego, A. J. (2010). Phase theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Gallego, A. J. (2010). Phase theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Gengel, K. (2007). Focus and ellipsis: A generative analysis of pseudogapping and other elliptical structures. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Stuttgart.
  • Gengel, K. (2007). Focus and ellipsis: A generative analysis of pseudogapping and other elliptical structures. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Stuttgart.
  • Giannakidou, A. (1997). The landscape of polarity items. PhD dissertation, University of Groningen.
  • Giannakidou, A. (1997). The landscape of polarity items. PhD dissertation, University of Groningen.
  • Göksel, A., & Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A comprehensive grammar. Routledge.
  • Göksel, A., & Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A comprehensive grammar. Routledge.
  • Haspelmath, M. (1997). Indefinite pronouns. Oxford University Press.
  • Haspelmath, M. (1997). Indefinite pronouns. Oxford University Press.
  • Hiraiwa, K. (2005). Dimensions of symmetry in syntax: Agreement and clausal architecture (Doctoral dissertation). Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA.
  • Hiraiwa, K. (2005). Dimensions of symmetry in syntax: Agreement and clausal architecture (Doctoral dissertation). Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA.
  • İnce, A. (2009). Dimensions of ellipsis: Investigations in Turkish. University of Maryland, College Park.
  • İnce, A. (2009). Dimensions of ellipsis: Investigations in Turkish. University of Maryland, College Park.
  • Kayabaşi, D., & Özgen, M. (2018). A phase-based account of NPI-licensing in Turkish, Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 54(1), 83-113.
  • Kayabaşi, D., & Özgen, M. (2018). A phase-based account of NPI-licensing in Turkish, Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 54(1), 83-113.
  • Kayne, R. S. (1994). The antisymmetry of syntax, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Kayne, R. S. (1994). The antisymmetry of syntax, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Kelepir, M. (2001). Topics in Turkish syntax: clausal structure and scope. (PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.)
  • Kelepir, M. (2001). Topics in Turkish syntax: clausal structure and scope. (PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.)
  • Keskin, C. (2009). Subject agreement-dependency of accusative case in Turkish or jump-starting grammatical machinery. Amsterdam: LOT Publishing.
  • Keskin, C. (2009). Subject agreement-dependency of accusative case in Turkish or jump-starting grammatical machinery. Amsterdam: LOT Publishing.
  • Kornfilt, J. (1997). Turkish. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Kornfilt, J. (1997). Turkish. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Kornfilt, J. (2018). NP versus DP: Which one fits Turkish nominal phrases better? Turkic Languages, 22(2), 155-166.
  • Kornfilt, J. (2018). NP versus DP: Which one fits Turkish nominal phrases better? Turkic Languages, 22(2), 155-166.
  • Kumar, R. (2006). Negation and licensing of negative polarity items in Hindi syntax. London: Taylor and Francis.
  • Kumar, R. (2006). Negation and licensing of negative polarity items in Hindi syntax. London: Taylor and Francis.
  • Kural, M. (1997). Postverbal constituents in Turkish and the linear correspondence axiom. Linguistic Inquiry, 28(3), 498-519.
  • Kural, M. (1997). Postverbal constituents in Turkish and the linear correspondence axiom. Linguistic Inquiry, 28(3), 498-519.
  • Ladusaw, W. (1979). Negative polarity items as inherent scope relations. PhD dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.
  • Ladusaw, W. (1979). Negative polarity items as inherent scope relations. PhD dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.
  • Lahne, A. (2008). Where there is fire there is smoke: local modelling of successive-cyclic movement. Doctoral dissertation, University of Leipzig.
  • Lahne, A. (2008). Where there is fire there is smoke: local modelling of successive-cyclic movement. Doctoral dissertation, University of Leipzig.
  • Laka, I. (2013). Negation in syntax: On the nature of functional categories and projections. Anuario del Seminario de Filología Vasca Julio de Urquijo, 25(1). 65–136.
  • Laka, I. (2013). Negation in syntax: On the nature of functional categories and projections. Anuario del Seminario de Filología Vasca Julio de Urquijo, 25(1). 65–136.
  • Lasnik, H. (1999). On feature strength: three minimalist approaches to overt movement. Linguistic Inquiry, 30, 197-217.
  • Lasnik, H. (1999). On feature strength: three minimalist approaches to overt movement. Linguistic Inquiry, 30, 197-217.
  • Lasnik, H. (2001). When can you save a structure by destroying it? North East Linguistic Society, 31(2), Article 5.
  • Lasnik, H. (2001). When can you save a structure by destroying it? North East Linguistic Society, 31(2), Article 5.
  • Lasnik, H. (2008). Repair by ellipsis revisited. Class lectures at Nanzan University, Japan.
  • Lasnik, H. (2008). Repair by ellipsis revisited. Class lectures at Nanzan University, Japan.
  • Lee-Schoenfeld, V. (2004). Binding by phase: (Non-)Complementarity in German. Journal of Germanic Linguistics, 16(2), 111-173.
  • Lee-Schoenfeld, V. (2004). Binding by phase: (Non-)Complementarity in German. Journal of Germanic Linguistics, 16(2), 111-173.
  • Legate, J. (2003). Some interface properties of the phase. Linguistic Inquiry 34, 506–516
  • Legate, J. (2003). Some interface properties of the phase. Linguistic Inquiry 34, 506–516
  • Levine, R. D. (1985). Right node (non-)raising. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 492–497.
  • Levine, R. D. (1985). Right node (non-)raising. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 492–497.
  • Lewis, G. L. (1967). Turkish language. Oxford: OUP.
  • Lewis, G. L. (1967). Turkish language. Oxford: OUP.
  • López, L. (2012). Indefinite objects: Scrambling, choice functions, and differential marking (Vol. 63). MIT Press.
  • López, L. (2012). Indefinite objects: Scrambling, choice functions, and differential marking (Vol. 63). MIT Press.
  • Mahajan, A.K. (1990). LF conditions on negative polarity licensing. Lingua 80(4). 333–348.
  • Mahajan, A.K. (1990). LF conditions on negative polarity licensing. Lingua 80(4). 333–348.
  • Marantz, A. (2007). Phases and words. In S. H. Choe (Ed.), Phases in the theory of grammar (pp. 191-220). Seoul: Dong In.
  • Marantz, A. (2007). Phases and words. In S. H. Choe (Ed.), Phases in the theory of grammar (pp. 191-220). Seoul: Dong In.
  • Matushansky, O. (2005). Going through a phase. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 49: Perspectives on Phases, 157–181.
  • Matushansky, O. (2005). Going through a phase. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 49: Perspectives on Phases, 157–181.
  • Merchant, J. (2001). The syntax of silence: Sluicing, islands, and the theory of ellipsis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Merchant, J. (2001). The syntax of silence: Sluicing, islands, and the theory of ellipsis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Miyagawa, S. (2010). Why agree? Why move. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph, 54.
  • Miyagawa, S. (2010). Why agree? Why move. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph, 54.
  • Muraki, M. (1978). The sika nai construction and predicate restructuring. Problems in Japanese syntax and semantics, 155-177.
  • Muraki, M. (1978). The sika nai construction and predicate restructuring. Problems in Japanese syntax and semantics, 155-177.
  • Müller, G. (2004). Phrase impenetrability and wh-intervention. In A. Stepanov, G. Fanselow, & R. Vogel (Eds.), Minimality effects in syntax (pp. 289–325). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Müller, G. (2004). Phrase impenetrability and wh-intervention. In A. Stepanov, G. Fanselow, & R. Vogel (Eds.), Minimality effects in syntax (pp. 289–325). Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Müller, G. (2011). Constraints on displacement: a phase-based approach. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Müller, G. (2011). Constraints on displacement: a phase-based approach. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Ordóñez, F. (1998). Post-verbal asymmetries in Spanish. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 16(2), 313-345.
  • Ordóñez, F. (1998). Post-verbal asymmetries in Spanish. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 16(2), 313-345.
  • Ott, D. (2008). Notes on noun ph(r)ases. Ms., Harvard University.
  • Ott, D. (2008). Notes on noun ph(r)ases. Ms., Harvard University.
  • Özgen, M. (2018). Phasehood of DPs in Turkish: an implication for non-simultaneity. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2),1-31.
  • Özgen, M. (2018). Phasehood of DPs in Turkish: an implication for non-simultaneity. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2),1-31.
  • Özgen, M. (2019). Binding in Turkish nominal phrases and phase-sliding. Dilbilim araştırmaları dergisi, 30(2), 145-170.
  • Özgen, M. (2019). Binding in Turkish nominal phrases and phase-sliding. Dilbilim araştırmaları dergisi, 30(2), 145-170.
  • Pereltsvaig, A. (2007). The Universality of DP: A view from Russian. Studia Linguistica 61: 59–94.
  • Pereltsvaig, A. (2007). The Universality of DP: A view from Russian. Studia Linguistica 61: 59–94.
  • Pesetsky, D., & Torrego, E. (2001). T-to-C movement: Causes and consequences. Current studies in linguistics series, 36, 355-426.
  • Pesetsky, D., & Torrego, E. (2001). T-to-C movement: Causes and consequences. Current studies in linguistics series, 36, 355-426.
  • Progovac, L. (1998). Determiner phrase in a language without determiners. Journal of Linguistics 34, 165–79.
  • Progovac, L. (1998). Determiner phrase in a language without determiners. Journal of Linguistics 34, 165–79.
  • Rappaport, G. C. (2001). Extraction from nominal phrases in Polish and the theory of determiners. Journal of Slavic Linguistics 8: 159–98.
  • Rappaport, G. C. (2001). Extraction from nominal phrases in Polish and the theory of determiners. Journal of Slavic Linguistics 8: 159–98.
  • Rizzi, L. (1997). The fine structure of the left periphery. In L. Haegeman (Ed.), Elements of grammar (pp. 281-337). Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Rizzi, L. (1997). The fine structure of the left periphery. In L. Haegeman (Ed.), Elements of grammar (pp. 281-337). Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Ross, J. R. (1970). Gapping and the order of constituents. In Progress in Linguistics, The Hague: Mouton.
  • Ross, J. R. (1970). Gapping and the order of constituents. In Progress in Linguistics, The Hague: Mouton.
  • Rouveret, A. (2012). VP ellipsis, phases and the syntax of morphology. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 30(3), 897-963.
  • Rouveret, A. (2012). VP ellipsis, phases and the syntax of morphology. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 30(3), 897-963.
  • Rutkowski, P. & Progovac, L. (2005). Classification projection in Polish and Serbian. In S. Franks et al (Eds.), Formal Approaches to Slavic Linguistics (pp. 289–299). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Rutkowski, P. & Progovac, L. (2005). Classification projection in Polish and Serbian. In S. Franks et al (Eds.), Formal Approaches to Slavic Linguistics (pp. 289–299). Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications.
  • Rutkowski, P. (2002). The syntax of quantifier phrases and the inherent versus structural case distinction. Linguistic Research 7, 43–74.
  • Rutkowski, P. (2002). The syntax of quantifier phrases and the inherent versus structural case distinction. Linguistic Research 7, 43–74.
  • Saito, Mamoru (1985). Some asymmetries in japanese and their theoretical implications. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Saito, Mamoru (1985). Some asymmetries in japanese and their theoretical implications. Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
  • Samek-Lodovici, V. (2019). Prosody-Driven Scrambling in Italian. Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 15: Selected papers from'Going Romance'30, Frankfurt, 15, 177.
  • Samek-Lodovici, V. (2019). Prosody-Driven Scrambling in Italian. Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 15: Selected papers from'Going Romance'30, Frankfurt, 15, 177.
  • Sezer, F. E. (1991). Issues in Turkish syntax. Harvard University PhD thesis.
  • Sezer, F. E. (1991). Issues in Turkish syntax. Harvard University PhD thesis.
  • Svenious, P. (2004). On the edge. In D. Adger, C. D. Cat, & A. G. (Eds.), Peripheries: Syntactic Edges and their Effects (pp. 261-287). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Svenious, P. (2004). On the edge. In D. Adger, C. D. Cat, & A. G. (Eds.), Peripheries: Syntactic Edges and their Effects (pp. 261-287). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Şener, S. (2008). Non-canonical case licensing is canonical: Accusative subjects of CPs. Ms., University of Connecticut, Storrs.
  • Şener, S. (2008). Non-canonical case licensing is canonical: Accusative subjects of CPs. Ms., University of Connecticut, Storrs.
  • Türker, L. (2019). Noun phrases in article-less languages: Uzbek and beyond (Vol. 253). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Türker, L. (2019). Noun phrases in article-less languages: Uzbek and beyond (Vol. 253). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2008). Feature inheritance and subject Case in Turkish. Ms.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2008). Feature inheritance and subject Case in Turkish. Ms.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2009). Feature inheritance and subject case in Turkish. In S. Ay, Ö. Aydın, İ. Ergenç, S. Gökmen, S.
  • Ulutaş, S. (2009). Feature inheritance and subject case in Turkish. In S. Ay, Ö. Aydın, İ. Ergenç, S. Gökmen, S.
  • İşsever & D.Peçenek (Eds.), Essays on Turkish Linguistics Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Turkish Linguistics (pp. 141-151). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
  • İşsever & D.Peçenek (Eds.), Essays on Turkish Linguistics Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Turkish Linguistics (pp. 141-151). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
  • Underhill, R. (1976). Turkish grammar. Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
  • Underhill, R. (1976). Turkish grammar. Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
  • Vasishth, S. (1999). Surface structure constraints on negative polarity and word order in Hindi and English. The Proceedings of the Resource Logics and Minimalist Grammars Conference.
  • Vasishth, S. (1999). Surface structure constraints on negative polarity and word order in Hindi and English. The Proceedings of the Resource Logics and Minimalist Grammars Conference.
  • Wexler, K. & Culicover, P. W. (1980). Formal principles of language acquisition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Wexler, K. & Culicover, P. W. (1980). Formal principles of language acquisition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Yamashita, H. (2003). On the distribution and licensing of negative polarity items in Japanese and the Phase-Impenetrability Condition. In Proceedings of the Fourth Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics (Vol. 313, p. 337). Tokyo: Hituzi Syobo.
  • Yamashita, H. (2003). On the distribution and licensing of negative polarity items in Japanese and the Phase-Impenetrability Condition. In Proceedings of the Fourth Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics (Vol. 313, p. 337). Tokyo: Hituzi Syobo.
  • Yoshida, M., & Gallego, Á. J. (2008). Phases and ellipsis. In 27th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics.
  • Yoshida, M., & Gallego, Á. J. (2008). Phases and ellipsis. In 27th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics.
Toplam 166 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Dilbilim
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Murat Özgen 0000-0001-7960-6627

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ekim 2020
Kabul Tarihi 20 Kasım 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özgen, M. (2021). Negative Polarity Items, DPs and Phase Sliding. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(1), 18-40. https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.802012


Creative Commons License
Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.