Derleme
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 47 - 65, 09.08.2020
Öz
COVID-19, 1918 yılında başlayan ve yaklaşık 500 milyon kişinin enfekte olmasına neden olan İspanyol gribinden sonra tüm dünyanın karşı karşıya kaldığı en büyük salgındır. COVID-19 hastalığına neden olan SARS-CoV-2 virüsü temas ve damlacık yoluyla bireyden bireye bulaşmakta ve hızla yayılmaktadır. Hastalığın kesin tedavisi ve aşı konusunda araştırmalar halen devam ettiğinden, virüsün bulaşması ve hastalığın önlenmesi ve kontrol edilmesindeki en önemli girişim kişisel koruyucu önlemlerin alınmasıdır. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışma uluslararası ve ulusal düzeyde hastalık kontrolü ve önleme alanında referans olarak kabul edilen kuruluşların kişisel koruyucu önlemlere ilişkin düzenlemelerinin kapsamlı bir biçimde incelenmesi amacıyla yazılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Demirbilek Y, Pehlivantürk G, Özgüler ZÖ, Meşe Alp E. COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;50(SI-1):489-494.
- 2. Aysan A, Balcı E, Karagöl ET, Kılıç E, Kılıç F, ve ark. Covid-19 Pandemi Değerlendirme Raporu, Ankara: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Yayınları; 2020. Rapor No: 34.
- 3. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi, Ankara: TC Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü; 2020.
- 4. World Health Organization (WHO). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Geneva: WHO; 2020. Rapor No: 7.
- 5. China's Health Commission. China's National Health Commission news conference on coronavirus [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 2020 08 Mayıs]. Erişim adresi: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/chinas-national-health-commission-news-conference-coronavirus-200126105935024.html
- 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Symptoms of Coronavirus [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 08 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html
- 7. Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, et al. Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382:1708-1720.
- 8. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Situation Report–103. Geneva: WHO; 2020. Rapor No: 103.
- 9. COVID-19 Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 08 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/
- 10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthcare Settings [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 08 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/dialysis.html
- 11. World Health Organization (WHO). Infection prevention and control during health care when COVID-19 is suspected [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/infection-prevention-and-control-during-health-care-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-is-suspected-20200125
- 12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) When Caring for Patients with Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/downloads/A_FS_HCP_COVID19_PPE.pdf
- 13. Berman A, Snyder S and Frandsen G. Kozier & Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process and Practice. 10 ed. Edinburgh Gate, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 2016.
- 14. World Health Organization (WHO). Standart Precautions in Health Care [Internet]. 2007 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/health-topics/standard-precautions-in-health-care.pdf?sfvrsn=7c453df0_2%20%20http
- 15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Standard Precautions for All Patient Care [Internet]. 2016 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/basics/standard-precautions.html
- 16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Recommendations for Application of Standard Precautions for the Care of All Patients in All Healthcare Settings [Internet]. 2007 [Erişim Tarihi 18 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/appendix/standard-precautions.html
- 17. World Health Organization (WHO). Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19: interim guidance [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/advice-on-the-use-of-masks-in-the-community-during-home-care-and-in-healthcare-settings-in-the-context-of-the-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)-outbreak
- 18. World Health Organization (WHO). Q&A on infection prevention and control for health care workers caring for patients with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 16 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-on-infection-prevention-and-control-for-health-care-workers-caring-for-patients-with-suspected-or-confirmed-2019-ncov
- 19. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Guidance for wearing and removing personal protective equipment in healthcare settings for the care of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/COVID-19-guidance-wearing-and-removing-personal-protective-equipment-healthcare-settings-updated.pdf
- 20. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Guidelines for the use of non-pharmaceutical measures to delay and mitigate the impact of 2019-nCoV [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/guidelines-use-non-pharmaceutical-measures-delay-and-mitigate-impact-2019-ncov
- 21. World Health Organization (WHO). Water, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management for the COVID-19 virus [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 16 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/water-sanitation-hygiene-and-waste-management-for-covid-19
- 22. World Health Organization (WHO). Risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers in the context of COVID-19: interim guidance [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331496/WHO-2019-nCov-HCW_risk_assessment-2020.2-eng.pdf
- 23. World Health Organization (WHO). Guide to Local Production: WHO-recommended Handrub Formulations [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Adresi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/Guide_to_Local_Production.pdf
- 24. TC Sağlık Bakanlığı. Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipmanların (KKE) Uygun Kullanımı Broşürü [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.turkrad.org.tr/assets/pdfDocs/EK-B.pdf
- 25. Türk Hemşireler Derneği (THD). COVID-19 Hemşire Eğitim Rehberi ve Bakım Algoritmaları [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: http://www.thder.org.tr/uploads/files/thd-covid-2020-2.pdf
- 26. Türk Kızılayı. Tıbbi Sarf Malzeme Teknik Şartnamesi [Internet]. [Erişim Tarihi 19 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://kizilay.org.tr/Upload/Dosya/17431884_teknik-sartname.pdf.
- 27. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Cloth masks and mask sterilisation as options in case of shortage of surgical masks and respirators [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Cloth-face-masks-in-case-shortage-surgical-masks-respirators2020-03-26.pdf
- 28. Lee S, Hwang D, Li H, Tsai C, Chen C and Chen J. Particle size-selective assessment of protection of European standard FFP respirators and surgical masks against particles-tested with human subjects. Journal of healthcare engineering. 2016;2016:1-12.
- 29. TC Sağlık Bakanlığı. Sağlık Elimizde Broşürü [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/18852,olimpiyat-saglik-el-brosuru-son-qrpdf.pdf?0
- 30. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care [Internet]. 2009 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/4218,dsoelhijyenirehberi2009enpdf.pdf?0
- 31. World Health Organization (WHO). Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and considerations during severe shortages [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/rational-use-of-personal-protective-equipment-for-coronavirus-disease- (covid-19)-and-considerations-during-severe-shortages
- 32. TC Sağlık Bakanlığı Kamu Hastaneleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Covid-19 Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipman Giyme ve Çıkarma Talimatı [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/36977,covid-19-kisisel-koruyucu-ekipman-giyme-ve-cikarma-talimatipdf.pdf?0
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 47 - 65, 09.08.2020
Öz
COVID-19 is the worst pandemic the world has faced after the Spanish Flu, which began in 1918 and infected approximately 500 million people. The SARS-CoV-2, which cause the COVID-9 infection disease spreads easily and very rapidly through respiratory droplets and contact from person-to-person. As research towards specific treatment of this disease and vaccine still continues, the most important attempt in preventing and controlling the disease is personal protective measures. In this regard, this article was written with the aim to comprehensively review the guidelines and regulations on personal protective equipment of the institutions or organizations which are accepted as reference in the field of disease control and prevention at the international and national level.
Anahtar Kelimeler
COVID-19 Coronavirüs Nursing Pandemic Personal protective equipment
Kaynakça
- 1. Demirbilek Y, Pehlivantürk G, Özgüler ZÖ, Meşe Alp E. COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;50(SI-1):489-494.
- 2. Aysan A, Balcı E, Karagöl ET, Kılıç E, Kılıç F, ve ark. Covid-19 Pandemi Değerlendirme Raporu, Ankara: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Yayınları; 2020. Rapor No: 34.
- 3. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi, Ankara: TC Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü; 2020.
- 4. World Health Organization (WHO). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Geneva: WHO; 2020. Rapor No: 7.
- 5. China's Health Commission. China's National Health Commission news conference on coronavirus [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 2020 08 Mayıs]. Erişim adresi: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/chinas-national-health-commission-news-conference-coronavirus-200126105935024.html
- 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Symptoms of Coronavirus [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 08 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html
- 7. Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, et al. Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382:1708-1720.
- 8. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Situation Report–103. Geneva: WHO; 2020. Rapor No: 103.
- 9. COVID-19 Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 08 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/
- 10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthcare Settings [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 08 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/dialysis.html
- 11. World Health Organization (WHO). Infection prevention and control during health care when COVID-19 is suspected [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/infection-prevention-and-control-during-health-care-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-is-suspected-20200125
- 12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) When Caring for Patients with Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/downloads/A_FS_HCP_COVID19_PPE.pdf
- 13. Berman A, Snyder S and Frandsen G. Kozier & Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process and Practice. 10 ed. Edinburgh Gate, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 2016.
- 14. World Health Organization (WHO). Standart Precautions in Health Care [Internet]. 2007 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/health-topics/standard-precautions-in-health-care.pdf?sfvrsn=7c453df0_2%20%20http
- 15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Standard Precautions for All Patient Care [Internet]. 2016 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/basics/standard-precautions.html
- 16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Recommendations for Application of Standard Precautions for the Care of All Patients in All Healthcare Settings [Internet]. 2007 [Erişim Tarihi 18 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/appendix/standard-precautions.html
- 17. World Health Organization (WHO). Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19: interim guidance [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/advice-on-the-use-of-masks-in-the-community-during-home-care-and-in-healthcare-settings-in-the-context-of-the-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)-outbreak
- 18. World Health Organization (WHO). Q&A on infection prevention and control for health care workers caring for patients with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 16 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-on-infection-prevention-and-control-for-health-care-workers-caring-for-patients-with-suspected-or-confirmed-2019-ncov
- 19. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Guidance for wearing and removing personal protective equipment in healthcare settings for the care of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/COVID-19-guidance-wearing-and-removing-personal-protective-equipment-healthcare-settings-updated.pdf
- 20. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Guidelines for the use of non-pharmaceutical measures to delay and mitigate the impact of 2019-nCoV [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/guidelines-use-non-pharmaceutical-measures-delay-and-mitigate-impact-2019-ncov
- 21. World Health Organization (WHO). Water, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management for the COVID-19 virus [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 16 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/water-sanitation-hygiene-and-waste-management-for-covid-19
- 22. World Health Organization (WHO). Risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers in the context of COVID-19: interim guidance [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331496/WHO-2019-nCov-HCW_risk_assessment-2020.2-eng.pdf
- 23. World Health Organization (WHO). Guide to Local Production: WHO-recommended Handrub Formulations [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Adresi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/Guide_to_Local_Production.pdf
- 24. TC Sağlık Bakanlığı. Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipmanların (KKE) Uygun Kullanımı Broşürü [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.turkrad.org.tr/assets/pdfDocs/EK-B.pdf
- 25. Türk Hemşireler Derneği (THD). COVID-19 Hemşire Eğitim Rehberi ve Bakım Algoritmaları [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 17 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: http://www.thder.org.tr/uploads/files/thd-covid-2020-2.pdf
- 26. Türk Kızılayı. Tıbbi Sarf Malzeme Teknik Şartnamesi [Internet]. [Erişim Tarihi 19 Mayıs 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://kizilay.org.tr/Upload/Dosya/17431884_teknik-sartname.pdf.
- 27. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Cloth masks and mask sterilisation as options in case of shortage of surgical masks and respirators [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Cloth-face-masks-in-case-shortage-surgical-masks-respirators2020-03-26.pdf
- 28. Lee S, Hwang D, Li H, Tsai C, Chen C and Chen J. Particle size-selective assessment of protection of European standard FFP respirators and surgical masks against particles-tested with human subjects. Journal of healthcare engineering. 2016;2016:1-12.
- 29. TC Sağlık Bakanlığı. Sağlık Elimizde Broşürü [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/18852,olimpiyat-saglik-el-brosuru-son-qrpdf.pdf?0
- 30. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care [Internet]. 2009 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/4218,dsoelhijyenirehberi2009enpdf.pdf?0
- 31. World Health Organization (WHO). Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and considerations during severe shortages [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/rational-use-of-personal-protective-equipment-for-coronavirus-disease- (covid-19)-and-considerations-during-severe-shortages
- 32. TC Sağlık Bakanlığı Kamu Hastaneleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Covid-19 Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipman Giyme ve Çıkarma Talimatı [Internet]. 2020 [Erişim Tarihi 19 Nisan 2020]. Erişim adresi: https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/36977,covid-19-kisisel-koruyucu-ekipman-giyme-ve-cikarma-talimatipdf.pdf?0
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 9 Ağustos 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 3 Haziran 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 7 Sayı: Özel Sayı |