Öz
In this article, we discuss translanguaging as a current sociolinguistics approach to language relating to the matters of multilingualism, language and culture interaction, and new language practices on the axis of globalization. With translanguaging, we theoretically problematize the sustainability of existing linguistic views and a stable national language regime, resorting to individuals' language repertoires in our conceptualization of language. Furthermore, we aim to provide examples of translanguaging practice in Turkey that reflect the realities of 21st century. The examples briefly address the socio-cultural functions of Turkish speakers' language practices in social media, highlighting the context of digital spaces. Thus, we engage in the questions of how translanguaging practices in Turkey are formulated, what socio-cultural functions these practices perform, and how the Turkish language and English as a lingua franca interact. The interaction of English as a lingua franca and Turkish as a national language is recontextualized to investigate a neglected and understudied subject in linguistics and other disciplines in Turkey.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Translanguaging Linguistic repertoire Digital space Sociolinguistics Turkish Lingua franca
Kaynakça
- Atay, D. (2005). Reflections on the Cultural Dimension of Language Teaching. Language and Intercultural Communication, 5, 222–236.
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. University of Texas Press.
- Bennett, K. (2013). English as a Lingua Franca in Academia. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 7(2), 169-193.
- Blommaert, J. (2006). Language ideology. Encyclopaedia of Language and Linguistics (ed.), Keith Brown (ss. 510-522). Elsevier.
- Blommaert, J. (2010). Sociolinguistics of Globalization. Cambridge University Press.
- Busch, B. (2012). The Linguistic Repertoire Revisited. Applied Linguistics, 33(5), 503–523.
- Canagarajah, S. (2011). Codemeshing in Academic Writing: Identifying Teachable Strategies of Translanguaging. The Modern Language Journal, 95(3), 401-417.
- Creese, A. & Blackledge, A. (2010). Translanguaging in the Bilingual Classroom: A Pedagogy for Learning and Teaching? The Modern Language Journal, 94(1), 103-115.
- Creese, A. & Blackledge, A. (2015). Translanguaging and İdentity in Educational Settings. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 35, 20–35.
- Doğançay-Aktuna, S. (1998). The Spread of English in Turkey and its Current Sociolinguistic Profile. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 19(1), 24–39.
- Dovchin, S. (2015). Language, Multiple Authenticities and Social Media: The Online Language Practices of University Students in Mongolia. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 19(4), 437-459.
- Dovchin, S., Pennycook, A., & Sultana, S. (2017). Popular culture, voice and linguistic diversity: Young adults on-and offline. Springer.
- Garcia, O. (2009). Bilingual Education in the 21st Century: A Global Perspective. Wiley.
- Garcia, O. & Li, W. (2014). Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism and Education. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Garcia, O. & Li, W. (2018). Translanguaging. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (ed.) Carol Chapelle (ss. 1-20). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- Halliday, M. A. K. & Martin, J. R. (2003). Writing Science: Literacy and Discursive Power. Taylor & Francis.
- Hinrichs, L. (2006). Codeswitching on the Web: English and Jamaican Creole in E-Mail Communication. John Benjamins Publishing.
- Lam, W. S. E. (2009). Multiliteracies on Instant Messaging in Negotiating Local, Translocal, and Transnational Affiliations: A Case af an Adolescent Immigrant. Reading Research Quarterly, 44(4), 377-397.
- Li, W. (2016). New Chinglish and the Post-Multilingualism Challenge: Translanguaging ELF in China. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 5(1), 1–25.
- Li, W. (2018). Translanguaging as a Practical Theory of Language. Applied Linguistics, 39(1), 9-30.
- Ljosland, R. (2007). English in Norwegian Academia: A Step Towards Diglossia? World Englishes, 26(4), 395-410.
- Makoni, S. & Pennycook, A. (2007). Disinventing and Reconstituting Languages. Multilingual Matters.
- Montes-Alcalá, C. (2007). Blogging in Two Languages: Code-Switching in Bilingual Blogs. Selected Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics (ss. 162-170). Cascadilla Press.
- Otheguy, R., García, O., & Reid, W. (2015). Clarifying translanguaging and deconstructing named languages: A perspective from linguistics. Applied Linguistics Review, 6(3), 281-307.
- Sebba, M., Mahootian, S., & Jonsson, C. (Eds.). (2012). Language mixing and code-switching in writing: Approaches to mixed-language written discourse. Routledge.
- Soja, E. W. (1989). Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory. Verso.
- Turner, M. & Lin, A. Translanguaging and Named Languages: Productive Tension and Desire. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 23 (4), 423-433.
- Vertovec, S. (2007). Super-diversity and its Implications. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30 (6), 1024–1054.
- Vogel S. & Garcia, O. (2017). Translanguaging. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education.
Öz
Bu makalede çok dillilik, dil ve kültür etkileşimi, globalleşme ekseninde yeni dil pratikleri gibi konulara dair güncel toplum dilbilim yaklaşımı olan diller ötesilik (translanguaging) ele alınacaktır. Diller ötesilik kuramından hareketle mevcut dil görüşlerinin ve sabit bir ulusal dil rejiminin sürdürülebilirliğini teorik olarak sorunsallaştıracak ve dilin kavramsallaştırılması noktasında bireylerin dil repertuvarlarından yola çıkacağız. Bunun ötesinde diller ötesilik ve Türkiye’de var olan dil pratiklerine ilişkin 21. yüzyıl gerçekliklerini yansıtan örnekler içeren bir kavramsal tartışma sunmayı hedeflemekteyiz. Bu örneklerde dijital mekanlara odaklanarak Türkçe konuşucularının dijital mekanlardaki dil pratiklerinin sosyo-kültürel işlevlerine kısaca değineceğiz. Böylece Türkiye’de diller ötesilik pratiklerinin hangi biçimlerde formüle edildiğine, diller ötesilik fenomeninin hangi sosyo-kültürel işlevleri gerçekleştirdiğine, özellikle Türkçe ile lingua franca İngilizce’nin nasıl etkileşim kurduğuna dikkat çekmiş olacağız. Lingua franca İngilizce ile ulus dili Türkçe’nin etkileşimi çerçevesinde diller ötesilik fenomenini tartışmanın Türkiye’de dilbilim alanında ve diğer disiplinlerde bugüne dek ihmal edilmiş ve yeterince araştırılmamış bir konuya katkıda bulunacağı kanısındayız.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Diller ötesilik Dil repertuvarları Dijital mekan Toplum dilbilim Türkçe Lingua franca
Kaynakça
- Atay, D. (2005). Reflections on the Cultural Dimension of Language Teaching. Language and Intercultural Communication, 5, 222–236.
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. University of Texas Press.
- Bennett, K. (2013). English as a Lingua Franca in Academia. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 7(2), 169-193.
- Blommaert, J. (2006). Language ideology. Encyclopaedia of Language and Linguistics (ed.), Keith Brown (ss. 510-522). Elsevier.
- Blommaert, J. (2010). Sociolinguistics of Globalization. Cambridge University Press.
- Busch, B. (2012). The Linguistic Repertoire Revisited. Applied Linguistics, 33(5), 503–523.
- Canagarajah, S. (2011). Codemeshing in Academic Writing: Identifying Teachable Strategies of Translanguaging. The Modern Language Journal, 95(3), 401-417.
- Creese, A. & Blackledge, A. (2010). Translanguaging in the Bilingual Classroom: A Pedagogy for Learning and Teaching? The Modern Language Journal, 94(1), 103-115.
- Creese, A. & Blackledge, A. (2015). Translanguaging and İdentity in Educational Settings. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 35, 20–35.
- Doğançay-Aktuna, S. (1998). The Spread of English in Turkey and its Current Sociolinguistic Profile. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 19(1), 24–39.
- Dovchin, S. (2015). Language, Multiple Authenticities and Social Media: The Online Language Practices of University Students in Mongolia. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 19(4), 437-459.
- Dovchin, S., Pennycook, A., & Sultana, S. (2017). Popular culture, voice and linguistic diversity: Young adults on-and offline. Springer.
- Garcia, O. (2009). Bilingual Education in the 21st Century: A Global Perspective. Wiley.
- Garcia, O. & Li, W. (2014). Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism and Education. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Garcia, O. & Li, W. (2018). Translanguaging. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (ed.) Carol Chapelle (ss. 1-20). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- Halliday, M. A. K. & Martin, J. R. (2003). Writing Science: Literacy and Discursive Power. Taylor & Francis.
- Hinrichs, L. (2006). Codeswitching on the Web: English and Jamaican Creole in E-Mail Communication. John Benjamins Publishing.
- Lam, W. S. E. (2009). Multiliteracies on Instant Messaging in Negotiating Local, Translocal, and Transnational Affiliations: A Case af an Adolescent Immigrant. Reading Research Quarterly, 44(4), 377-397.
- Li, W. (2016). New Chinglish and the Post-Multilingualism Challenge: Translanguaging ELF in China. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 5(1), 1–25.
- Li, W. (2018). Translanguaging as a Practical Theory of Language. Applied Linguistics, 39(1), 9-30.
- Ljosland, R. (2007). English in Norwegian Academia: A Step Towards Diglossia? World Englishes, 26(4), 395-410.
- Makoni, S. & Pennycook, A. (2007). Disinventing and Reconstituting Languages. Multilingual Matters.
- Montes-Alcalá, C. (2007). Blogging in Two Languages: Code-Switching in Bilingual Blogs. Selected Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics (ss. 162-170). Cascadilla Press.
- Otheguy, R., García, O., & Reid, W. (2015). Clarifying translanguaging and deconstructing named languages: A perspective from linguistics. Applied Linguistics Review, 6(3), 281-307.
- Sebba, M., Mahootian, S., & Jonsson, C. (Eds.). (2012). Language mixing and code-switching in writing: Approaches to mixed-language written discourse. Routledge.
- Soja, E. W. (1989). Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory. Verso.
- Turner, M. & Lin, A. Translanguaging and Named Languages: Productive Tension and Desire. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 23 (4), 423-433.
- Vertovec, S. (2007). Super-diversity and its Implications. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30 (6), 1024–1054.
- Vogel S. & Garcia, O. (2017). Translanguaging. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Dil Çalışmaları |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 19 Aralık 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2 |
