Research Article

The Processing of Phi-features in Sentences with Third-person Pronoun: An ERP Study in Turkish

Volume: 34 Number: 2 December 29, 2023
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The Processing of Phi-features in Sentences with Third-person Pronoun: An ERP Study in Turkish

Abstract

The relationship between Person and Number features is often addressed in both theoretical and experimental studies. It is noteworthy that the discussion on how these features are processed has evolved over time towards how Person and Number features are structured in constructions with different persons (first person, second person, third person). While some studies state that Person and Number features can only be tested with third-person sentences (Manchini et al., 2011; Mancini et al., 2014), other studies state that these features can be tested with all person pronouns except R-expressions (regular noun phrases) (Ackema & Neeleman, 2019). In the literature, it is noteworthy that the relationship between the processing of Person and Number features has been tested with first- and second-person pronouns and R-expressions, but there is no study testing the issue with third-person pronouns. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference in the processing of Person and Number features in sentences with third-person pronouns in Turkish using Event-related Brain Potentials (ERPs). In this study, three conditions, namely Grammatical, Person Mismatch and Number Mismatch, were presented visually in words to 33 participants. In the study, a widespread N400 component was observed in both the processing of the Person feature and the processing of the Number feature. It was found that there was no difference between the two features in the corresponding time window. However, in the next time window, a late N400 component was observed in the processing of the Number feature, while a positivity (P600) was observed in the processing of the Person feature. In this time window, there is a difference in the processing of the Person and Number features. In conclusion, this study found that there is a difference in the processing of the Person and Number features in sentences with third-person pronouns in Turkish. It is suggested that the P600 finding in the processing of the Person feature reflects the difficulty in processing this feature. It is suggested that the late N400 finding in the processing of the Number feature may be due to the load it imposes on the processing process due to the fact that the morphological appearance of the Number feature in verb conjugation is parallel to nominal pluralisation, and the greater demand on working memory as the resolution of the Number mismatch involves more alternatives than the Person mismatch.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Tübitak, İstanbul Üniversitesi BAP

Project Number

114K607, SDP-2016-21580

References

  1. Ackema, P and Neeleman, A. (2019). Processing differences between person and number: A theoretical interpretation. Front. Psychol. 10:211.
  2. Ackema, P., and Neeleman, A. (2013). Subset controllers in agreement. Morphology 23, 291–323.
  3. Ackema, P., and Neeleman, A. (2018). Features of person: From the inventory of persons to their morphological realization. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  4. Arista, J., Fasquel, A. Ott, L., Brunelliere, A. (2022). Understanding same subject-verb agreement differently: ERP evidence for flexibility in processing representations involved in French subject-verb agreement. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 63, 1-20.
  5. Aygüneş, M. (2012). Türkçede uyum özelliklerinin onarım tabanlı incelenmesi. Mersin Üniversitesi Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi, 9(1), 1-19.
  6. Aygüneş, M. (2013a). Türkçede uyum özelliklerinin Olaya İlişkin Beyin Potansiyelleri (OİP) çerçevesinde incelenmesi [Doktora tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi.
  7. Aygüneş, M. (2013b). Türkçede üçüncü kişide kişi ve sayı özelliklerinin özelliklerinin onarım tabanlı incelenmesi. Turkish Studies, 8(4), 255-268.
  8. Aygüneş, M. (2021). Person and number hierarchy in Turkish: A processing-based approach. Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları,24, 409-440.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Linguistics

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 29, 2023

Submission Date

December 12, 2022

Acceptance Date

October 11, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 34 Number: 2

APA
Aygüneş, M. (2023). The Processing of Phi-features in Sentences with Third-person Pronoun: An ERP Study in Turkish. Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 34(2), 255-284. https://doi.org/10.18492/dad.1217864