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Research Article
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The Generalization Patterns of Turkish Aorist in L1 Turkish Speakers

Year 2022, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 173 - 190, 31.12.2022

Serkan Uygun

https://doi.org/10.18492/dad.1114969

Abstract

The morphological processing and representation of regular and irregular inflected forms have been investigated in many European languages and the results indicate that L1 speakers usually employ two distinct mechanisms; namely rule-based and associative. This study aims to explore the generalization patterns of Turkish aorist in L1 Turkish speakers and to ascertain the processing and representation of irregular forms. The results of the nonword acceptability judgment task indicate that L1 Turkish speakers performed similar to speakers of European languages as they have employed a rule-based mechanism for generalizing regular forms and an associative mechanism for irregular forms. The results are discussed in terms of different models proposed for morphological processing and generalization patterns.

Keywords

Turkish aorist morphological processing generalization rule-based mechanism associative mechanism

Project Number

317633480 - SFB 1287 Proje B04

References

  • Albright, A., ve Hayes, B. (2003). Rules vs. analogy in English past tenses: A computational/experimental study. Cognition, 90(2), 119-161.
  • Barr, D. J., Levy, R., Scheepers, C., ve Tily, H. (2013). Random-effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal. Journal of Memory and Language, 68(3), 255-278.
  • Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., ve Walker, S. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1), 1-48.
  • Brovetto, C., ve Ullman, M. T. (2005). The mental representation and processing of Spanish verbal morphology. D. Eddington (Yay. haz.), Selected proceedings of the 7th Hispanic linguistics symposium içinde (ss. 98-105). Cascadilla Press.
  • Bybee, J. (1995). Regular morphology and the lexicon. Language and Cognitive Processes, 10(5), 425-455.
  • Clahsen, H. (1997). The representation of participles in the German mental lexicon: Evidence for the dual-mechanism model. G. Booij ve J. van Marle (Yay. haz.), Yearbook of morphology 1996 içinde (ss. 73-96). Springer.
  • Clahsen, H. (1999). Lexical entries and rules of language: A multidisciplinary study of German inflection. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(6), 991-1060.
  • Csató, É. Á., ve Johanson, L. (1998). Turkish. L. Johanson ve É. Á. Csató (Yay. haz.), The Turkic languages içinde (ss. 203-235). Routledge.
  • Frauenfelder, U., ve Schreuder, R. (1992). Constraining psycholinguistic models of morphological processing and representation: The role of productivity. G. Booij ve J. van Marle (Yay. haz.), Yearbook of morphology 1991 içinde (ss. 165-183). Kluwer.
  • Göksel, A., ve Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A comprehensive grammar. Routledge.
  • Hankamer, J. (1989). Morphological parsing and the lexicon. W. D. Marslen-Wilson (Yay. haz.), Lexical representation and process içinde (ss. 392-408). The MIT Press.
  • Kırkıcı, B., ve Kırkıcı, K. (2009). Türkçe geniş zamanda sözcükler ve kurallar. 23. Ulusal Dilbilim Konferansı’nda sunulan bildiri, Gazimagusa, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti, 14-15 Mayıs 2009.
  • Kuznetsova, A., Bruun Brockhoff, P., ve Haubo Bojesen Christensen, R. (2014). lmerTest: Tests for random and fixed effects for linear mixed effect models (lmer objects of lme4 package). R package version 2.0-11. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lmerTest/index.html
  • Langacker, R. W. (2000). Grammar and conceptualization. De Gruyter Mouton.
  • Mason, S. A. (2019). The influence of task factors and language background on morphological processing in Spanish. [Doktora tezi]. University of Illinois.
  • Michon, E., ve Nakipoğlu, M. (2019). Rule-based vs. similarity-based generalization: An experimental study on the Turkish aorist. J. Audring, N. Koutsoukos ve C. Manouilidou (Yay. Haz.), Proceedings of the 12th Mediterranean morphology meeting, MMM12 içinde (ss. 54-63). University of Patras.
  • Orsolini, M., ve Marslen-Wilson, W. (1997). Universals in morphological representation: Evidence from Italian. Language and Cognitive Processes, 12(1), 1-47.
  • Pinker, S. (1999). Words and rules. Basic Books.
  • Pinker, S., ve Prince, A. (1988). On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed processing model of language acquisition. Cognition, 28(1-2), 73-193.
  • Prasada, S., ve Pinker, S. (1993). Generalization of regular and irregular morphological patterns. Language and Cognitive Processes, 8(1), 1-56.
  • R Development Core Team. (2017). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.r-project.org/
  • Romanova, N. (2008). Mechanisms of verbal morphology processing in heritage speakers of Russian. Heritage Language Journal, 6(1), 105-126.
  • Rumelhart, D. E., ve McClelland, J. L. (1986). On learning the past tenses of English verbs. D. E. Rumelhart (Yay. haz.), Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition içinde (ss. 216-271). MIT Press.
  • Say, T. ve H. Clahsen (2002). Words, rules and stems in the Italian mental lexicon. S. Nooteboom, F. Weerman ve F. Wijnen (Yay. haz.), Storage and computation in the language faculty içinde (ss. 93-129). Springer.
  • Sezer, T. (2017). TS corpus project: An online Turkish dictionary and TS DIY corpus. European Journal of Language and Literature, 9(1), 18-24.
  • Ullman, M. T. (1999). Acceptability ratings of regular and irregular past-tense forms: Evidence for a dual-system model of language from frequency and phonological neighborhood effects. Language and Cognitive Processes, 14(1), 47-67.
  • Uygun, S., Schwarz, L., ve Clahsen, H. (2021). Morphological generalization in heritage speakers: The Turkish aorist. Second Language Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583211059291
  • Venables, W. N., ve Ripley, B. D. (2002). Modern applied statistics with S. Springer
  • Veríssimo, J., ve Clahsen, H. (2014). Variables and similarity in linguistic generalization: Evidence from inflectional classes in Portuguese. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 61-79.
  • Yavuz, H. (2011). Turkish Consonants. Z. Balpınar (Yay. haz.) Turkish phonology and morphology içinde (ss. 14-31). Anadolu Üniversitesi.

D1 Türkçe Konuşucularının Geniş Zaman Sonekini Genelleme Örüntüleri

Year 2022, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 173 - 190, 31.12.2022

Serkan Uygun

https://doi.org/10.18492/dad.1114969

Abstract

Düzenli ve düzensiz çekim eklerinin biçimbilimsel olarak nasıl işlemlendiği ve zihinde depolandığı birçok Avrupa dilinde araştırılıp sonuç olarak konuşucuların genellikle kural ve çağrışım tabanlı olan iki farklı mekanizmayı kullandıkları bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, D1 Türkçe konuşucularının Türkçe geniş zaman eklerinin genelleme örüntülerini araştırmak ve düzensiz yapıları biçimbilimsel olarak nasıl işlemlediklerini ve depoladıklarını bulmaktır. Yapay sözcük kabul edilebilirlik puanlama yöntemi kullanılarak toplanan veriler, D1 Türkçe konuşucularının Türkçe geniş zaman eklerini genellerken düzenli sözcükler için kural tabanlı mekanizmayı, düzensiz sözcükler için ise çağrışım tabanlı mekanizmayı kullandıklarını ve bu bakımdan diğer Avrupa dilleri konuşucuları ile benzerlikler gösterdiklerini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, biçimbilimsel işlemleme ve genelleme örüntüleri üzerine önerilen farklı modeller ışığında tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

zaman eki biçimbilimsel işlemleme genelleme kural tabanlı mekanizma çağrışım tabanlı mekanizma

Supporting Institution

Alman Araştırma Vakfı (DFG: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)

Project Number

317633480 - SFB 1287 Proje B04

References

  • Albright, A., ve Hayes, B. (2003). Rules vs. analogy in English past tenses: A computational/experimental study. Cognition, 90(2), 119-161.
  • Barr, D. J., Levy, R., Scheepers, C., ve Tily, H. (2013). Random-effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal. Journal of Memory and Language, 68(3), 255-278.
  • Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., ve Walker, S. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1), 1-48.
  • Brovetto, C., ve Ullman, M. T. (2005). The mental representation and processing of Spanish verbal morphology. D. Eddington (Yay. haz.), Selected proceedings of the 7th Hispanic linguistics symposium içinde (ss. 98-105). Cascadilla Press.
  • Bybee, J. (1995). Regular morphology and the lexicon. Language and Cognitive Processes, 10(5), 425-455.
  • Clahsen, H. (1997). The representation of participles in the German mental lexicon: Evidence for the dual-mechanism model. G. Booij ve J. van Marle (Yay. haz.), Yearbook of morphology 1996 içinde (ss. 73-96). Springer.
  • Clahsen, H. (1999). Lexical entries and rules of language: A multidisciplinary study of German inflection. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(6), 991-1060.
  • Csató, É. Á., ve Johanson, L. (1998). Turkish. L. Johanson ve É. Á. Csató (Yay. haz.), The Turkic languages içinde (ss. 203-235). Routledge.
  • Frauenfelder, U., ve Schreuder, R. (1992). Constraining psycholinguistic models of morphological processing and representation: The role of productivity. G. Booij ve J. van Marle (Yay. haz.), Yearbook of morphology 1991 içinde (ss. 165-183). Kluwer.
  • Göksel, A., ve Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A comprehensive grammar. Routledge.
  • Hankamer, J. (1989). Morphological parsing and the lexicon. W. D. Marslen-Wilson (Yay. haz.), Lexical representation and process içinde (ss. 392-408). The MIT Press.
  • Kırkıcı, B., ve Kırkıcı, K. (2009). Türkçe geniş zamanda sözcükler ve kurallar. 23. Ulusal Dilbilim Konferansı’nda sunulan bildiri, Gazimagusa, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti, 14-15 Mayıs 2009.
  • Kuznetsova, A., Bruun Brockhoff, P., ve Haubo Bojesen Christensen, R. (2014). lmerTest: Tests for random and fixed effects for linear mixed effect models (lmer objects of lme4 package). R package version 2.0-11. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lmerTest/index.html
  • Langacker, R. W. (2000). Grammar and conceptualization. De Gruyter Mouton.
  • Mason, S. A. (2019). The influence of task factors and language background on morphological processing in Spanish. [Doktora tezi]. University of Illinois.
  • Michon, E., ve Nakipoğlu, M. (2019). Rule-based vs. similarity-based generalization: An experimental study on the Turkish aorist. J. Audring, N. Koutsoukos ve C. Manouilidou (Yay. Haz.), Proceedings of the 12th Mediterranean morphology meeting, MMM12 içinde (ss. 54-63). University of Patras.
  • Orsolini, M., ve Marslen-Wilson, W. (1997). Universals in morphological representation: Evidence from Italian. Language and Cognitive Processes, 12(1), 1-47.
  • Pinker, S. (1999). Words and rules. Basic Books.
  • Pinker, S., ve Prince, A. (1988). On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed processing model of language acquisition. Cognition, 28(1-2), 73-193.
  • Prasada, S., ve Pinker, S. (1993). Generalization of regular and irregular morphological patterns. Language and Cognitive Processes, 8(1), 1-56.
  • R Development Core Team. (2017). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.r-project.org/
  • Romanova, N. (2008). Mechanisms of verbal morphology processing in heritage speakers of Russian. Heritage Language Journal, 6(1), 105-126.
  • Rumelhart, D. E., ve McClelland, J. L. (1986). On learning the past tenses of English verbs. D. E. Rumelhart (Yay. haz.), Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition içinde (ss. 216-271). MIT Press.
  • Say, T. ve H. Clahsen (2002). Words, rules and stems in the Italian mental lexicon. S. Nooteboom, F. Weerman ve F. Wijnen (Yay. haz.), Storage and computation in the language faculty içinde (ss. 93-129). Springer.
  • Sezer, T. (2017). TS corpus project: An online Turkish dictionary and TS DIY corpus. European Journal of Language and Literature, 9(1), 18-24.
  • Ullman, M. T. (1999). Acceptability ratings of regular and irregular past-tense forms: Evidence for a dual-system model of language from frequency and phonological neighborhood effects. Language and Cognitive Processes, 14(1), 47-67.
  • Uygun, S., Schwarz, L., ve Clahsen, H. (2021). Morphological generalization in heritage speakers: The Turkish aorist. Second Language Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583211059291
  • Venables, W. N., ve Ripley, B. D. (2002). Modern applied statistics with S. Springer
  • Veríssimo, J., ve Clahsen, H. (2014). Variables and similarity in linguistic generalization: Evidence from inflectional classes in Portuguese. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 61-79.
  • Yavuz, H. (2011). Turkish Consonants. Z. Balpınar (Yay. haz.) Turkish phonology and morphology içinde (ss. 14-31). Anadolu Üniversitesi.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Language Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Serkan Uygun 0000-0002-0880-9280

Project Number 317633480 - SFB 1287 Proje B04
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 33 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Uygun, S. (2022). D1 Türkçe Konuşucularının Geniş Zaman Sonekini Genelleme Örüntüleri. Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 33(2), 173-190. https://doi.org/10.18492/dad.1114969

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Journal DOI: 10.18492/dad