JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS RESEARCH

Style Guide and Article Submission Guidelines

• Click here to download Style Guide and Article Submission Guidelines. 

Manuscripts submitted to the Journal of Linguistics Research must be prepared in accordance with the following guidelines. These guidelines apply to unformatted manuscripts submitted to the journal during the initial submission and peer-review process. Manuscripts may be written in Turkish or English. Article formatting is performed after the article has been accepted for publication. At this initial stage, the primary requirement for the author(s) is not a visual layout but rather a structural organization—such as which sections the text consists of and the order in which these sections appear. It is sufficient for the text to be readable and to meet the conditions specified in this guide regarding the title, abstract, examples, citations, and references.

1    Cover Page (Supplementary File) 

For double-blind peer review, author names, institutional affiliations, ORCID identifiers, acknowledgments, declarations, and ethics committee information are removed from the manuscript and submitted as a separate supplementary file. The following information is included on the cover page:

• The article’s title in Turkish and English,
• The article’s abstract in Turkish and English,
• For each author, in the order of authorship:
  • First Name Last Name
  • Role: Corresponding Author / Co-Author
  • Affiliation, department, ZIP code, and city
  • E-mail(s)
  • Each author’s ORCID identifier (16 digits, in the format 0000-0000-0000-0000)
  • Acknowledgments (if any)
• The declaration must be submitted in the language in which the article was written and must include the following items:
• The information submitted during the application process will remain confidential until the article is published; no changes will be made to the authors’ information or the order of authorship.

Author Contributions: This research and all stages related to it were conducted by a single author. / (If the study was conducted by more than one author, a description of who contributed to which sections and in what capacity should be provided.)

Declaration of Submission and Verification: This work has not been previously published elsewhere. It is not currently under review by another journal. The publication of this work has been implicitly or explicitly approved by all authors and the responsible authorities at the university or research center where the work was conducted. If the study is accepted for publication, it will not be published in the same form in any other print or electronic medium, in Turkish or any other language, without the written permission of the Journal of Linguistics Studies.

Generative AI Statement: (If not used) “Generative AI tools were not used at any stage of this study.” / (If used) It must be clearly stated at which stage (research design, language and style checking, translation, translation review) the AI was used, along with the specific tool and its version (e.g., ChatGPT 5.6 Luna, Gemini 3.8 Flash, NotebookLM Trial, Claude Sonnet 5, etc.).

Conflict of Interest Statement: The authors declare that there are no financial or academic conflicts of interest among themselves or with any other institutions, organizations, or individuals that could influence this study.

Data Use: The type of data employed in the article must be specified.

Ethics Approval/Participant Consent: This study does not require ethics approval. / (If ethics approval was required) (Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of … University on …………, under No. ……… Participants were informed about the research, and informed consent was obtained from them.)

Financial Support: No financial support was received for this study. (If financial support was received) This study was supported and funded under the ….. (No. ….) as part of Project No. XXXXXXX.

2     Submission Files and Word Limit

Manuscripts are submitted through the journal’s online submission system. Research and review articles, including footnotes and appendices but excluding the reference list, should not exceed 9,000 words. Book reviews, including footnotes and appendices but excluding the reference list, should not exceed 4,000 words.

It is recommended that the main text be prepared as an editable DOCX file. For manuscripts containing special characters, tree diagrams, or complex equations, a PDF of the same text may also be included to ensure proper display.

The main text submitted for review must not contain any information that reveals the authors’ identities. Information that could reveal the authors’ identities—such as author names, institutional affiliations, ORCID numbers, and the corresponding author’s email address—must not appear in the main text under any circumstances. The submission file should be uploaded to the online submission system only after removing information such as “Author/final editor” from the document metadata. References to the authors’ previous work should be made in the third person. For example, instead of phrases such as “as we observed in Özgen and Koşaner (2016)” or “as observed in Author (2016),” the phrase “as observed in Özgen and Koşaner (2016)” should be used. File properties, comments, revision history, and supplementary files must also be checked for identifying information. Although the Editorial Board verifies whether such information is present in the main text, the authors bear full responsibility for its removal. If any statement revealing the authors’ identities remains in the text, the manuscript will be returned without entering the review process.

3 Title, Abstract, and Keywords

Each article must include a title in both Turkish and English. The title in the article’s language should appear first, followed by the title in the other language. Titles should be no more than 15 words or 150 characters.

Abstracts in the article’s language should be no more than 150 words. They should briefly explain the study’s purpose, approach or methodology, key findings, and conclusion; they must convey the same content in both languages.

Each abstract must be followed by 3–5 keywords. Keywords should be written in lowercase, except for proper nouns. The label “Anahtar sözcükler” should be used in the Turkish section, and “Keywords” in the English section.

4 Text Format and Section Headings

To ensure readability in the initial submission, use A4 page size, single column, Arial 11-point or Times New Roman 12-point font, and 1.5-line spacing—except for special representations such as syntax trees. All text must be left-aligned. Paragraphs following the first heading should be unindented, while subsequent paragraphs should be indented by 1 tab. Paragraphs below the example data need not be indented. Indent only when a truly new paragraph begins. Set spacing before a paragraph to 0 pt and after to 10 pt. Set page margins to 2.5 cm on all sides. Pages must be numbered.

Chapters and subchapters must be numbered. Chapter numbers must be written by hand; do not use Word’s automatic numbering feature. Leave a space between the number and the chapter title, and do not place a period at the end of the number. Periods separating subheadings must be retained.

If levels beyond the third level are necessary, the third-level formatting conventions should be followed.

Chapter titles and their order may be determined by the study’s theoretical, descriptive, or experimental nature. The research problem, data or subject of study, analysis, and results should be clearly presented.

Terms and abbreviations must be used consistently throughout the text. Use “and” in the text and “&” in the reference list. Maintain this distinction consistently. If the text is in Turkish, use “vd.” instead of “et al.”; if the text is in English, use “et al.”

References in parentheses should be listed alphabetically, not by year. If an author’s name appears in a sentence, the year should be provided in parentheses immediately after the name: Dressler (2006) and Libben (2006) argue that ….

When dealing with numerical values, please observe the following guidelines:

• The decimal separator is a comma (,) for Turkish and a period (.) for English, and must be consistent throughout the entire document—including text, tables, and figures: For Turkish: 18,65; 4,33; 8,07. For English: 18.65, 4.33, 8.07.
• Leading zeros should not be included in values less than zero: p = .526, p < .001.
• Statistical symbols are written in italics: p, t, F, M, SD, N, n.
• A space should be placed between the unit of measurement and the number: 50 ms, 3000 ms.
• A hyphen should be used in number ranges: 17–22, pp. 27–39.

5 Linguistic Examples and Illustrations

Linguistic examples should be numbered (1), (2), (3); sub-examples should be numbered (1a), (1b). Example numbering must be consistent throughout the article; it should not restart in sections or subsections. References to examples in the text should use their numbers. For examples taken from other works, the source, page number, and, if available, the original example number must be specified. Linguistic data should be presented as shown in the table below. Bold, underlined, and quoted text should not be used in the main text. To indicate the source language of terms, the language of origin must be specified in parentheses using universal abbreviation codes:

In examples involving morphological analysis, the linguistic form, gloss, and free translation should appear on separate lines. Words and their equivalents should be aligned. The Leipzig Glossing Rules may be used as a guide for glosses. Abbreviations must be explained in footnotes. If the text is in Turkish, a gloss must be provided for data presented in a different language. Similarly, if the text is in English, a gloss must be provided for data presented in languages other than English. Glosses must be written in small caps, as shown below:

In this example, 1sg denotes the first-person singular, and prog denotes the progressive aspect. In Turkish texts, the full forms of abbreviations should also be in Turkish. If the text is in English, the abbreviations listed in the Leipzig Glossing Rules document should be used.

Linguistic forms analyzed within the text should be written in italics (for example, “The word öğren-iyor-um (learn-prog-1sg) in the sentence above…”). Phonetic and phonological notations should be kept separate.

Grammatical symbols such as *, **, ^?, and ^?? are placed before the example. No space is left after grammatical symbols. The first words of examples that include and exclude these symbols are aligned with each other.

(44)       a.      John seemed angry to Mary.

               b.    *To whom did John seem (to be) angry?

               c.   ^??John can’t seem to cook very well for me.

6 Tables, Figures, Footnotes, and Appendices

Tables, diagrams, and figures should be numbered in separate series, and each should be cited in the text. The table number and title should appear above the table, and the figure number and title should appear below the figure. The first in-text citations of tables and figures should be placed near the relevant tables and figures. For tables and figures, use Times New Roman 10-point or Arial 9-point, depending on the font and point size preferred in the main text.

Tables must be editable. Labels in figures, diagrams, and tree diagrams should be legible. Sources must be cited for tables and figures taken from or adapted from other sources. If deemed necessary by the editorial board, figures may be requested as separate files in 300 DPI PNG or TIFF format. These figures must be legible and high-resolution within the text.

Footnotes should be used for brief explanations; they should not be used to cite sources. Explanations related to a heading should be added as footnotes linked to that heading. Use Microsoft Word’s automatic footnote feature; do not type superscripts manually. Footnotes should be set in 8-point Arial or 9-point Times New Roman (depending on the font and point size preferred in the main text). The footnote number should be placed immediately after the relevant word, before the punctuation mark. Footnotes in the title that reveal the author’s identity should not appear in the review copy.

Appendices must be cited within the text and presented after the references. If there are multiple appendices, each must be labeled separately (e.g., Appendix [if there is only one] or Appendix 1, Appendix 2 [if there are multiple]). Large datasets should not be included in the text; they must be uploaded to an accessible repository (OSF, Zenodo) and cited using their DOI.

7 In-text Citations and References

In-text citations and the reference list must follow APA 7 guidelines. Every work cited in the text must appear in the reference list, and every entry in the reference list must be cited in the text.

Quotations shorter than 40 words should be embedded in the text within double quotation marks and cited with the source’s page number (e.g., “French passives resemble English passives” (Rowlett, 2007, p. 44)). Quotations longer than 40 words should be presented as a separate paragraph. In such quotations, the entire text should be indented 1 tab (1.25 cm) from both the left and right margins and set in a font size 2 points smaller than the main text:

Citations must include the author’s last name and the year of publication. For direct quotations, the page number must also be included. For sources without page numbers, appropriate location information—such as the paragraph number or section heading—should be used to indicate the location of the quotation.

In English texts, “p.” denotes a single page and “pp.” multiple pages. In Turkish texts, however, only the abbreviation “s.” should be used, regardless of the number of pages. The cited page must be the one on which the relevant information or quotation appears.

The reference list should be arranged alphabetically by the first author’s last name. Different works by the same author published in the same year should be distinguished by adding the letters a, b, or c to the publication year. For sources with a DOI, the DOI must be provided as a link.

Article

Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027 

Book

Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of the theory of syntax. MIT Press.

Chapter in a Book

Rizzi, L. (2004). Locality and left periphery. In A. Belletti (Ed.), Structures and beyond: The cartography of syntactic structures (Vol. 3, pp. 223–251). Oxford University Press.

All other references must be formatted according to APA7 guidelines: https://apastyle.apa.org/  

8 Pre-submission Check

Before submission, ensure that the following conditions are met:

• The titles, abstracts, and keywords in both Turkish and English are complete.
• The text and abstracts comply with the specified word limits.
• The main text and file properties do not contain any information that reveals the author’s identity.
• Section headings, linguistic examples, tables, and figures are numbered consistently.
• Special characters, inline notes, and tree diagrams are displayed correctly.
• In-text citations and the reference list match and comply with APA 7 guidelines.
• Author contributions and relevant statements are located in the specified positions.
• Appendices and documents required by the submission system have been added to the files.
• Permission statements have been included for any figures or tables sourced from third parties.